基于扩展移相调制的双有源桥部分功率变换器 电流应力优化方法研究

Research on Current Stress Optimization Method of a Dual Active Bridge Partial Power Converter Based on Extended Phase Shift Modulation

摘要

针对传统全功率变换结构存在的效率瓶颈与器件应力过大的问题，首先从共阴极连接的4类典型部分功率变换器(PPC)拓扑出发，建立了不同连接方式下电压增益与系统效率的函数关系模型，通过对效率上限与增益调节范围的综合评估，选出兼具高效率与宽增益特性的最优PPC连接架构．在此基础上，研究双有源桥(DAB)变换器在扩展移相调制(EPS)条件下的零电压开通(ZVS)特性，基于拉格朗日乘子法与Karush-Kuhn-Tucker条件，揭示晶体管输出电容、电流应力与ZVS约束区域之间的耦合机制，提出一种基于EPS的电流应力优化(CSO)策略．该策略通过优化移相角控制，有效增强对非ZVS区域边界的限制，在降低变换器电流应力的基础上实现全范围的ZVS，从而抑制器件开关损耗与磁性损耗．随后，分别对采用传统EPS和EPS-CSO控制策略的PPC-DAB，以及隔离全桥升压电路(IFBB)的器件应力因子进行了对比分析．结果表明，在相同负载条件下，EPS-CSO控制策略显著降低了PPC-DAB的器件应力，优于传统EPS控制与IFBB方案．为验证所提出方案的实际性能，搭建了系统输出功率为3.36kW的实验平台．实验结果表明，通过采用EPS-CSO控制策略的PPC-DAB拓扑，系统峰值效率提升至98.4%，较传统控制方法提高3.3%，同时在满载条件下最大电流应力降低42%，充分体现了所提方法在实际应用中的高效性与可行性．

Abstract

To address the efficiency bottlenecks and excessive device stress inherent in traditional full-power conversion architectures，this study first analyzes four representative partial power converter(PPC)topologies based on common-cathode configurations. A functional relationship between voltage gain and system efficiency for different connection schemes is then established. By comprehensively evaluating the trade-off between maximum efficiency and gain adjustment range，the optimal PPC configuration offering both high efficiency and a wide gain capability is identified. Based on this configuration ， the zero-voltage switching(ZVS)characteristics of a dual active bridge(DAB)converter under extended phase shift(EPS)modulation are investigated. Using the Lagrange multiplier method and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions，the coupling mechanism among transistor output capacitance，current stress，and the ZVS constraint region is revealed. An EPS-based current stress optimization(CSO)strategy is subsequently proposed. By optimizing the phase shift angles，the strategy enhances constraints on non-ZVS regions， thereby effectively reducing converter current stress while achieving full-range ZVS and suppressing switching and magnetic losses. A comparative analysis of device stress factors is conducted for PPC-DAB converters employing conventional EPS，the EPS-CSO control strategy，and isolated full-bridge boost(IFBB)circuits. Results demonstrate that under same load conditions，the EPS-CSO control strategy significantly reduces device stress in PPC-DABs，outperforming both conventional EPS control and IFBB schemes. To validate the proposed approach，a 3.36 kW experimental prototype is constructed. Experimental results show that the PPC-DAB topology using the EPS-CSO control strategy achieves a peak system efficiency of 98.4%，representing a 3.3% improvement over traditional control methods，and reduces maximum full-load current stress by 42%，confirming the high efficiency and practical feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词

部分功率变换器 / 扩展移向调制 / 软开关 / 电流应力

Key words

partial power converter / extended phase shift modulation / soft switching / current stress

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFB2504900)