典型城市河道生态修复需水阈值计算方法研究

陈小娜; 朱红生; 假冬冬; 费晓昕; 王金洋

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.03.006

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3) : 76 -86. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.03.006

城市防洪排涝专栏

典型城市河道生态修复需水阈值计算方法研究

陈小娜 ¹^,² ,
朱红生 ³ ,
假冬冬 ¹^,⁴ ,
费晓昕 ³ ,
王金洋 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Study on the calculation method of water demand threshold for ecological restoration of typical urban rivers

Xiaona CHEN ¹^,² ,
Hongsheng ZHU ³ ,
Dongdong JIA ¹^,⁴ ,
Xiaoxin FEI ³ ,
Jinyang WANG ¹^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

【目的】针对城市河道水动力不足、水生态环境不稳定等问题，合理确定城市河道生态修复需水阈值是当前需解决的问题之一。为了分析城市河道不同时期水文水生态特点，探究现有生态流量计算方法适用性，【方法】基于这些方法针对流量资料缺乏的城市河道，提出一种较为科学的城市河道生态修复需水阈值综合计算方法，该方法推荐在汛期(5—9月)采用动态污染物稀释法和高水位堰流流量法，非汛期采用动态污染物稀释法和生态水力-生境法，并对湿周法进行改进，以验证结果的合理性。【结果】以马鞍山市芦塘支渠为例，量化得出生态修复需水的逐月过程线，汛期流量范围为0.139~0.429 m³/s,非汛期为0.073~0.295 m³/s。【结论】该阈值综合计算方法从城市河道实际修复需求出发，考虑水系连通、水质提升及水生生物等因素，相较于现有生态流量计算方法，此结果更具有综合性与适宜性，可为城市河道水资源高效利用提供科学依据。

Abstract

[Objective] This study aims to investigate the role of sponge cities in mitigating urban waterlogging by selecting the Jincun development area of Jincheng City as a research area and analyzing the regulation effects of low impact development(LID) facilities on runoff and waterlogging at different spatial scales. [Methods] A coupled urban stormwater and waterlogging model was developed by integrating the Storm Water Management Model(SWMM) and the two-dimensional module of InfoWorks ICM. The model simulated various storm scenarios and LID layout schemes to analyze rainfall-runoff processes and waterlogging characteristics in plots, drainage zones, and regions. [Results] The findings indicated that LID facilities effectively reduced runoff peak values, decreased total runoff, accelerated runoff recession, and mitigated overflow nodes and overloaded pipe segments. They also significantly reduced areas affected by waterlogging and lowered water depths. The regulation effect of LID facilities showed minor variation across different spatial scales and performed well within a 1 to 5-year recurrence period. Specifically, under 1-year recurrence period rainfall, the largest LID layout scheme reduced surface runoff by more than 75%. [Conclusion] LID facilities demonstrate strong efficacy for short-recurrence-period storms but have limited capacity for long-recurrence-period waterlogging control, particularly at severe waterlogging points. Expanding the scale of LID facilities can substantially enhance their runoff regulation capacity.