降雨与地下水联合入渗下斜坡变形机理研究

刘柄材; 江兴元; 孟生勇; 杨义

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.03.016

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3) : 202 -211. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.03.016

工程地质

降雨与地下水联合入渗下斜坡变形机理研究

刘柄材 ¹ ,
江兴元 ¹^,²^,³ ,
孟生勇 ¹ ,
杨义 ¹^,²

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Study on slope deformation mechanism under combined infiltration of rainfall and groundwater

Bingcai LIU ¹ ,
Xingyuan JIANG ¹^,²^,³ ,
Shengyong MENG ¹ ,
Yi YANG ¹^,²

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文章历史 +

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摘要

【目的】为了探究降雨与地下水联合入渗下斜坡内部水土变化特征和斜坡变形破坏机理。【方法】采用粉质黏土，设计了两种不同地下水入渗水头高度和降雨相组合的模型试验，对土体体积含水量和孔隙水压力进行监测，研究斜坡内部水土响应特征及失稳模式。【结果】结果显示：降雨与地下水联合入渗下，斜坡内部渗流场发生变化。地下水入渗水头较低时，坡底土体接受地下水和降雨入渗，坡脚和斜坡中上部土体接受降雨入渗；地下水入渗水头较高时，斜坡底部、坡脚和斜坡中部土体接受地下水入渗，斜坡上部土体接受降雨入渗。且湿润锋平行坡顶、坡面和坡底向斜坡内部发展。【结论】斜坡前部土体饱和时，斜坡以流滑为主。但地下水入渗水头较低时，流滑范围较小且达到失稳平衡所需时间较长。

Abstract

[Objective] In order to explore the characteristics of soil and water change and the mechanism of slope deformation and failure under the combined infiltration of rainfall and groundwater. [Methods] Therefore, two model tests of different groundwater infiltration head height and rainfall phase combination were designed with silty clay to monitor soil volume water content and pore water pressure, and to study the response characteristics of soil and water in the slope and the instability mode. [Results] The result show that the seepage field inside the slope changes under the combined infiltration of rainfall and groundwater. When the groundwater infiltration head is low, the soil at the bottom of the slope receives groundwater and rainfall infiltration, and the soil at the foot of the slope and the middle and upper part of the slope receives rainfall infiltration. When the groundwater infiltration head is high, the soil in the bottom, foot and middle of slope receives groundwater infiltration, and the soil in the upper slope receives rainfall infiltration. And the wetting front develops in parallel to the slope top, slope surface and slope bottom. [Conclusion] When the soil in front of the slope is saturated, the slope is dominated by flow slip. However, when the groundwater infiltration head is low, the flow slip range is small and it takes a long time to reach the unstable equilibrium.