考虑机械故障影响的碾压混凝土坝施工进度SD-DES耦合可视化仿真

A coupled SD-DES visual simulation model for scheduling of roller compacted concrete dam construction considering mechanical failure

摘要

【目的】碾压混凝土坝(roller compacted concrete dam, RCCD)施工过程仿真方法为分析大坝施工的复杂动态系统提供了科学有效的技术手段。传统的离散事件仿真(discrete event simulation, DES)方法在仿真过程中虽然考虑了影响施工进度的主要因素(混凝土生产、运输入仓和施工降雨等),但未有效考虑仓面作业中施工机械故障情况对施工过程的影响，施工进度仿真结果的准确性以及三维可视化展示效果有待进一步提高。针对以上情况，在传统施工仿真的基础上结合系统动力学(system dynamics, SD)提出了考虑机械故障的RCCD施工SD-DES耦合可视化仿真方法。【方法】首先，基于系统动力学建立了仓面施工机械故障SD模型，从而实现对仓面施工中碾压机作业、故障、维修等行为的因果关系分析；其次，以传统施工进度DES仿真模型为基础，耦合机械故障SD模型建立RCCD施工SD-DES耦合仿真模型，并以碾压施工时间作为耦合模型的接口变量，从而实现模型的数据通信和交互，有效提高了仿真结果的准确性；再次，将系统仿真技术与可视化技术结合，基于Unity 3D构建大坝施工三维动态场景，实现基于仿真结果的施工过程的三维动态可视化展示；最后，以我国西南地区某高碾压混凝土坝工程为例进行施工仿真分析与成果展示。【结果】相比于传统DES模型仿真结果(与实际偏差2.49%),基于SD-DES耦合模型的仿真结果(与实际偏差0.28%)更加贴近实际情况，同时三维动态可视化展示水平得到进一步提升。【结论】研究表明，SD-DES耦合可视化仿真方法能够有效考虑施工机械故障对施工进度的影响，提高仿真精度和施工过程的可视化表现能力，有助于大坝施工方案的合理制定和现场施工的管理决策。

Abstract

[Objective] The simulation method of the construction process of roller compacted concrete dam(RCCD) provides a scientific and effective technical means for analyzing the complex dynamic system of dam construction. The traditional discrete event simulation(DES) method considers the main factors affecting the construction schedule(such as concrete production, concrete transportation, and construction rainfalls) in the simulation process. However, the influence of construction machinery failure on the construction process in the warehouse surface operation is not effectively considered, and the accuracy of the construction progress simulation result and the three-dimensional visualization display effect need to be further improved. To address the aforementioned challenges, a coupled SD-DES visual simulation method for RCCD construction considering mechanical failures is developed through the integration of system dynamics(SD) with conventional construction simulation approaches. [Methods] First of all, the SD model of mechanical failure in silo construction was established based on system dynamics, so as to realize the causality analysis of the behavior of the roller operation, failure, and maintenance in the storehouse construction. Secondly, based on the traditional DES simulation model, the coupled SD-DES simulation model of RCCD construction is established by coupling the SD model of mechanical failure and taking the time of roller compacted construction as the interface variable of the coupled model, so as to realize the data communication and interaction of the model, which effectively improves the accuracy of the simulation result. Then, the system simulation technology is combined with the visualization technology to construct a three-dimensional dynamic scene of the dam construction based on Unity 3D to realize the three-dimensional dynamic visualization display of the simulation result. Finally, taking a high roller compacted concrete dam project in the southwestern region of China as an example, construction simulation analysis and result display were conducted. [Results] Compared with the traditional DES model simulation result(deviation of 2.49% from the actual), the simulation result based on the coupled SD-DES model(deviation of 0.28% from the actual) are more in line with the actual situation, and the level of three-dimensional dynamic visualization display has been further enhanced. [Conclusion] The study demonstrates that the coupled SD-DES visualization simulation method effectively accounts for the impact of construction machinery failures on construction schedules, enhances simulation accuracy and visualization capabilities of the construction process, and contributes to the rational formulation of dam construction plans and informed management decisions for on-site construction.

关键词

系统动力学 / 机械故障 / SD-DES耦合 / 碾压混凝土坝 / 施工可视化仿真 / 混凝土 / 水利工程

Key words

system dynamics / machinery failure / SD-DES coupling / roller compacted concrete dam / construction visualization simulation / concrete / water conser vancy projects

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(51839007)

国家自然科学基金项目(51879186)

天津市自然科学基金项目(17JCQNJC07100)