桂北岩溶石漠化区山坡橘园不同水土保持措施效益研究

张宇; 金鑫; 宋颖; 郭攀; 梁桂优; 翟婷

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.04.020

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (4) : 248 -259. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.04.020

水工保持

桂北岩溶石漠化区山坡橘园不同水土保持措施效益研究

张宇 ¹^,² ,
金鑫 ¹^,² ,
宋颖 ¹ ,
郭攀 ³ ,
梁桂优 ¹^,² ,
翟婷 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Study on the benefits of different soil and water conservation measures in hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area of northern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Yu ZHANG ¹^,² ,
Xin JIN ¹^,² ,
Ying SONG ¹ ,
Pan GUO ³ ,
Guiyou LIANG ¹^,² ,
Ting ZHAI ¹^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

PDF

摘要

【目的】为探索适合于岩溶石漠化区山坡橘园的最佳水土保持措施，【方法】采用修建径流观测小区的方法，对桂北岩溶区山坡橘园进行定位观测，分析植物措施、砖石围挡、PVC板围挡等3种水土保持措施在不同降雨等级(大雨、暴雨、大暴雨)下的径流、泥沙、养分流失情况，同时采用熵权-模糊综合评价法对综合效益进行定量分析。【结果】结果表明：(1)在区分与不区分降雨等级两种情况下，3种措施均表现为植物措施的减氮、减磷效益最佳，PVC板围挡的减沙效益最佳，总体上砖石围挡各指标的削减效益低于其他两种措施；大雨、暴雨等级下植物措施减流效益最好，大暴雨等级下PVC板围挡减流效益高于植物措施。(2)各水土保持措施的水、土、养分流失量以及削减效益指标并不都是随降雨等级的提升而呈单调性变化，其中产流量和养分流失量随降雨等级提升而单调递增，其他指标变化大多不呈单调性；同一措施的减流、减沙、减氮、减磷等指标随降雨等级的不同变化趋势有所差异。(3)在不区分降雨等级的情况下，在岩溶区石漠化山地橘园实施PVC板围挡措施的综合效益最佳，植物措施次之；在区分降雨等级的情况下，大雨、暴雨等级下实施植物措施综合效益最佳，大暴雨等级下实施PVC板围挡措施综合效益最佳。【结论】岩溶区石漠化山地橘园实施植物措施、PVC板围挡、砖石围挡均有一定的水土保持效益。

Abstract

[Objective] In order to explore the optimal soil and water conservation measures for hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area, [Methods] a runoff observation plot method was developed to monitor the hillside citrus orchards in the karst area of northern Guangxi. The runoff, sediment, and nutrient loss under three soil and water conservation measures—vegetation planting, brick-and-stone enclosure, and PVC board enclosure—were analyzed at different rainfall levels(heavy rain, rainstorm, and heavy rainstorm). Additionally, the entropy-weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to perform a quantitative analysis of the comprehensive benefits. [Results] The result showed that:(1) whether rainfall levels were considered or not, vegetation planting demonstrated the best nitrogen and phosphorus reduction benefits, and PVC board enclosure had the best sediment reduction benefits. In general, the reduction benefits of the brick-and-stone enclosure were lower than those of the other two measures. Vegetation planting provided the best runoff reduction benefits under heavy rain and rainstorm, while PVC board enclosure had higher runoff reduction benefits than vegetation planting under heavy rainstorm.(2) The water, soil, and nutrient loss, as well as the reduction benefit indicators of soil and water conservation measures, did not all change monotonically with the increase in rainfall level. Specifically, runoff yield and nutrient loss increased monotonically with the increase in rainfall level, while most other indicators did not show a monotonic change. The change trends in indicators such as runoff reduction, sediment reduction, nitrogen reduction, and phosphorus reduction of the same measure varied with different rainfall levels.(3) When rainfall levels were not considered, the comprehensive benefits of implementing PVC board enclosure in hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area were the best, followed by vegetation planting. When rainfall levels were considered, the comprehensive benefits of implementing vegetation planting were the best under rainfall levels of heavy rain and rainstorm, and the comprehensive benefits of implementing PVC board enclosure were the best under heavy rainstorm. [Conclusion] The implementation of vegetation planting, PVC board enclosure, and brick-and-stone enclosure in hillside citrus orchards in karst rocky desertification area all provide certain soil and water conservation benefits.