汉江流域水源涵养服务价值及改进的空间转移评价

Spatial transfer evaluation of water conservation service value and improvement in Hanjiang River Basin

摘要

【目的】为评估汉江流域2020年的水源涵养能力，计算水源涵养服务的生态价值，并深入分析水源涵养服务价值在流域内各个省份之间的空间转移情况【方法】使用分布式水文模型SWAT和生态系统服务评估模型InVEST对汉江流域2020年的水源涵养能力进行定量评估，并利用影子工程法计算流域内水源涵养服务的生态价值，以及采用改进的断裂点-场强模型，考虑水文特征，分析水源涵养服务价值的空间转移。改进模型包括加入河流方向系数以确定水力联系，优化转移路径(调整转移起点和设定最大半径),并比较四种不同的转移方法。【结果】结果显示：汉江流域2020年的水源涵养总量为305.84亿m³,相应的服务价值达到316.85亿元。在各个省份中，湖北省的水源涵养量及其服务价值最为显著，而河南省则相对较低。在空间转移方面，陕西省的水源涵养服务价值的转出量最大，随后是河南和湖北；而在接收方面，河南省接收最多，其次是湖北和陕西。其中，出水口直线转移法的转移强度最强，转移量最多；出水口河道转移法的转移强度和转移量次之；入水口直线转移法和入水口河道转移法的转移强度相近，转移量也相近；入水口河道转移法的转移强度最弱，入水口直线转移法的转移量最少。【结论】通过定量评估和空间转移分析，揭示了汉江流域水源涵养能力的空间分布和服务价值，并提供了不同转移方法的比较，为流域管理和生态保护提供了科学依据。

Abstract

[Objective] To assess the water conservation capacity of the Han River Basin in 2020, calculate the ecological value of water conservation services, and conduct an in-depth analysis of the spatial transfer of water conservation service values among various provinces within the basin, [Methods] quantitative evaluation of the water conservation capacity of the Han River Basin in 2020 was carried out using the distributed hydrological model SWAT and the ecosystem service assessment model InVEST. The ecological value of water conservation services within the basin was calculated using the shadow pricing method. An improved break-point-field intensity model considering hydrological characteristics was adopted to analyze the spatial transfer of water conservation service values. The improved model includes the addition of a river direction coefficient to determine the hydraulic connection, optimization of transfer pathways(adjusting the starting point of transfer and setting the maximum radius), and comparison of four different transfer method. [Results] The results show that the total water conservation volume in the Han River Basin in 2020 was 30.584 billion cubic meters, with the corresponding service value reaching 31.685 billion yuan. Among the provinces, Hubei Province had the most significant water conservation volume and service value, while Henan Province was relatively lower. In terms of spatial transfer, Shaanxi Province had the largest outflow of water conservation service values, followed by Henan and Hubei; for reception, Henan Province received the most, followed by Hubei and Shaanxi. Among these, the straight-line transfer method at the outflow outlet had the strongest transfer intensity and the largest amount of transfer; the river channel transfer method at the outflow outlet had the next strongest transfer intensity and amount; the straight-line and river channel transfer method at the inflow inlet had similar transfer intensities and amounts; the river channel transfer method at the inflow inlet had the weakest transfer intensity, and the straight-line transfer method at the inflow inlet had the least amount of transfer. [Conclusion] Through quantitative evaluation and spatial transfer analysis, the spatial distribution and service value of water conservation capacity in the Han River Basin were revealed, and a comparison of different transfer method was provided, which provided a scientific basis for basin management and ecological protection.

关键词

水源涵养 / 价值转移 / InVest模型 / SWAT模型 / 水资源 / 洪水 / 汉江流域 / 生态价值

Key words

water conservation / value transfer / InVest model / SWAT model / water resources / flood / Han River Basin / ecological value

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目“长江水科学研究联合基金”(U2040206)

国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51909035)

国家自然科学基金项目(52179009)