基于纳米无机材料的仿生涂层技术在水生态保护修复中的应用研究探析

李志鹏; 詹政法; 赵进勇; 丁洋

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.05.020

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (5) : 254 -265. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.05.020

水工材料

基于纳米无机材料的仿生涂层技术在水生态保护修复中的应用研究探析

李志鹏 ¹^,² ,
詹政法 ³ ,
赵进勇 ¹^,² ,
丁洋 ¹^,²

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Research and analysis on application of bionic coating technology based on nano-inorganic materials in water ecological protection and restoration

Zhipeng LI ¹^,² ,
Zhengfa ZHAN ³ ,
Jinyong ZHAO ¹^,² ,
Yang DING ¹^,²

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摘要

【目的】评估仿生涂层技术在水生态保护修复中的防污、防腐及抗生物附着性能，分析其在复杂水环境下的应用效果。【方法】采用多层喷涂工艺制备仿生涂层，测试其抗菌性能、物理性能指标及水质安全指标，综合评估涂层在水生态环境中的防护能力。结合典型案例，验证涂层的长期稳定性及防护效果。【结果】仿生涂层技术通过多层喷涂工艺在表面涂覆形成致密保护层，在防污、防腐及耐久性方面表现优异，抗菌率超过95%,VOC排放量≤23 g/L,在酸碱和盐水环境中保持稳定，工程应用表明，耐沾污性≤2%,清洁维护频率降低1~3倍，设施使用寿命显著延长。【结论】仿生涂层技术在水生态保护修复中展现出优异的防污、防腐和抗生物附着能力，可有效减少生物污染，延长设施使用寿命，降低维护成本，为水工结构提供高效、可持续的防护方案。

Abstract

[Objective] To evaluate the anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, and anti-biofouling performance of bionic coating technology in water ecological protection and restoration, and analyze its application effectiveness in complex water environments. [Methods] Multi-layer spraying technology was used to prepare the bionic coating, and its antibacterial performance, physical performance indicators, and safety indicators of water quality were tested to comprehensively evaluate the coating's protective ability in aquatic ecological environments. Combined with typical cases, the long-term stability and protective effect of the coating were verified. [Results] Bionic coating technology formed a dense protective layer on the surface through a multi-layer spraying process, demonstrating excellent performance in anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, and durability. The antibacterial rate exceeded 95%, VOC emissions were ≤23 g/L, and the coating remained stable in acidic, alkaline, and saline environments. Engineering applications showed that the anti-fouling rate was ≤2%, the cleaning and maintenance frequency was reduced by 1 to 3 times, and the service life of the facilities was significantly extended. [Conclusion] Bionic coating technology demonstrates excellent anti-fouling, anti-corrosion, and anti-biofouling capabilities in water ecological protection and restoration. It can effectively reduce biological pollution, extend the service life of facilities, lower maintenance costs, and provide an efficient and sustainable protection solution for hydraulic structures.