广州市车陂涌城市雨洪模拟模型构建

何畅烨; 林凯荣; 罗威; 徐源浩; 皋云; 李碧琦

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.06.008

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (6) : 90 -100. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.06.008

城市防洪排涝专栏

广州市车陂涌城市雨洪模拟模型构建

何畅烨 ¹ ,
林凯荣 ¹^,²^,³ ,
罗威 ¹ ,
徐源浩 ¹ ,
皋云 ⁴ ,
李碧琦 ⁴

作者信息 +

Establishment of urban flood simulation model for Chebeichong River in Guangzhou City

Changye HE ¹ ,
Kairong LIN ¹^,²^,³ ,
Wei LUO ¹ ,
Yuanhao XU ¹ ,
Yun GAO ⁴ ,
Biqi LI ⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

【目的】在全球气候变化背景下，快速城市化对水文过程产生了深远的影响，随之城市复杂下垫面对产汇流计算带来了挑战，迫切需要综合考虑各种不同下垫面条件下的城市洪涝模拟技术。【方法】根据产汇流属性以及土地利用类型将城市复杂下垫面分类为透水面、直接不透水面和间接不透水面，分别采用蓄满产流、超渗产流和API-SCS-CN产流计算方法，再结合坡面、管道和河道汇流，以广州市天河区车陂涌流域为研究区构建了车陂涌城市雨洪模拟模型，并利用2021—2023年实测降雨径流数据检验考虑复杂下垫面的车陂涌城市雨洪模拟模型的实用性。【结果】车陂涌城市雨洪模拟模型率定期内流量模拟精度纳什效率系数达0.71,相关系数达0.74,验证期内流量模拟纳什效率系数达0.79,相关系数达0.81,相同建模条件下SWMM-SCS模型流量纳什效率系数达0.5,相关系数达0.6。【结论】车陂涌城市雨洪模拟模型的模拟结果较SWMM-SCS模型更加准确，纳什效率系数提升了66.7%,径流相关系数提升了29.7%,洪量误差则降低了48.3%,洪峰流量误差降低了3.2%,说明考虑复杂下垫面并利用多种产流模式的城市雨洪模型结构具有一定可靠性和应用前景，可为城市雨洪模拟提供新思路。

Abstract

[Objective] In the context of global climate change, rapid urbanization has a profound impact on hydrological processes, and complex urban underlying surface has brought challenges to the calculation of runoff generation and flow concentration. There is an urgent need to develop urban flood simulation technologies that comprehensively consider different underlying surface conditions. [Methods] Based on the characteristics of runoff generation and flow concentration and land use types, the complex urban underlying surface was classified into permeable, directly impervious, and indirectly impervious surfaces. The runoff generation was calculated using the saturation-excess, infiltration-excess, and API-SCS-CN method, respectively. Combined with the flow concentration of slopes, pipelines, and river channels, Chebeichong urban flood simulation model was established for the Chebeichong River Basin in Tianhe District, Guangzhou. The model's practicality, considering the complex underlying surface, was validated using the measured rainfall and runoff data from 2021 to 2023. [Results] During the calibration period, the Chebeichong urban flood simulation model achieved a Nash efficiency coefficient of 0.71 and a correlation coefficient of 0.74 for flow simulation. During the validation period, the Nash efficiency coefficient reached 0.79, and the correlation coefficient reached 0.81. Under the same modeling conditions, the SWMM-SCS model achieved a Nash efficiency coefficient of 0.5 and a correlation coefficient of 0.6. [Conclusion] The simulation result of the Chebeichong urban flood simulation model are more accurate than those of the SWMM-SCS model, with the Nash efficiency coefficient improving by 66.7%, the runoff correlation coefficient increasing by 29.7%, the flood volume error decreasing by 48.3%, and the peak flow error decreasing by 3.2%. These findings indicate that incorporating complex underlying surfaces and multiple runoff generation models enhances the reliability and applicability of urban flood models, providing a new approach for urban flood simulation.