水电站大型弧形钢闸门结构响应与安全分析研究

Structural response and safety analysis of large-size radial steel gate for hydropower station

摘要

【目的】弧形闸门是库坝泄洪建筑的关键装置，其结构安全可靠对库坝正常运行、汛期库坝整体安全具有重要意义。为分析多工况复杂负载情况下弧形钢闸门瞬间状态的结构安全，建立了大型弧形闸门三维精细ANSYS数值模型。【方法】以下凯富峡水电站大型弧形钢闸门工程为例，计算了闭门、瞬启及故障瞬启三种典型工况下弧形闸门主体结构响应，通过案例对比验证了三维模型和仿真过程的合理性。进一步分析了各工况下弧形闸门位移和应力的分布和变化规律，并对弧形闸门主体结构及固定装置的强度、刚度及稳定性进行了综合分析。【结果】结果显示：故障瞬启工况是弧形闸门主体结构安全的最不利工况，该工况下弧形闸门启闭力作用侧下支臂与门叶固接部位周围位移大、等效应力集中程度高，为危险部位；整体而言，弧形闸门主体结构及固定装置满足强度、刚度和稳定性方面的相关要求。【结论】结果表明：弧形闸门长期服役状态下，危险部位在反复启闭循环中易受到磨损，且存在疲劳损伤的风险，综合分析建议对该部位结构进行优化设计、加固处理，符合最不利工况下结构安全要求，以保障结构的长期安全；弧形闸门结构设计是安全可靠的。本研究成果保障了下凯富峡水电站大型弧形钢闸门的结构安全，可为同类型弧形闸门的安全设计提供参考与借鉴。

Abstract

[Objective] Radial gates are crucial components in flood discharge structures for reservoirs and dams. Their structural safety and reliability are of great significance for achieving normal operation of reservoirs and dams and ensuring structural safety during flood seasons. To analyze the structural safety of the radial steel gate under multiple complex load conditions, a detailed 3D numerical model of the large-size radial steel gate was developed using ANSYS. [Methods] Taking the large-size radial steel gate in the Kafue Gorge Lower Hydropower Station as an example, the mechanical responses of the radial gate under three typical operating cases, e.g., closed, instant opening, and momentary open fault, were calculated. Then, the reasonableness of the 3D model and simulation process was verified through case comparisons. Moreover, the distributions and variation laws of displacement and stress of the radial gate under different operating conditions were further analyzed. The strength, stiffness, and stability of the main structure and fastening components of the radial gate were analyzed comprehensively. [Results] The result show that the case of momentary open fault constitutes the most critical operating condition for the structural safety of the main structure and the radial gate. Under this scenario, significant deformation and high concentration of equivalent stress are observed around the connection between the lower support arm and the gate leaf on the opening and closing force application side, which is identified as the dangerous part. Overall, the main structure and anchoring components of the radial gate meet the relevant requirements for strength, stiffness, and stability. [Conclusion] The results indicate that in the long-term service state of the radial gate, the dangerous part is prone to wear and has a risk of fatigue damage due to repeated opening and closing cycles. Comprehensive analysis suggests optimizing the design and reinforcing this structural area to meet the safety requirements under the most unfavorable conditions, thereby ensuring the long-term safety of the structure. The structural design of the radial gate is safe and reliable. This study ensures the structural safety of the large-size radial steel gate in the Kafue Gorge Lower Hydropower Station and can serve as a reference for the safety design of similar radial gates.

关键词

弧形闸门 / 响应规律 / 安全分析 / 有限元仿真 / 水电站

Key words

radial steel gate / response rule / safety analysis / FEM simulation / hydropower station

基金资助

中国水电坦桑尼亚JuliusNyerere 水电站施工关键技术研究科技成果咨询服务资助项目(SHC-JNHPP-JSFW-01-18012022)

下凯富峡水电站施工关键技术研究科技成果咨询服务资助项目(SH-KGL-SUB-2021003)

国家自然科学基金项目(52308147)