高用水工业节水减碳分析：以江苏省为例

Analysis of water conservation and carbon reduction in high-water-consuming industry: A case study of Jiangsu Province

摘要

【目的】工业是水资源和能源利用最集中的行业之一，也是碳排放最密集的行业之一，工业经济快速发展加剧了水-能资源的开发利用，导致二氧化碳等温室气体的快速增长。为探究江苏省高用水工业节水减碳潜力，促进水资源、能源合理开发利用及工业健康绿色发展，【方法】以江苏省为研究区，基于“取水—制水—配水—用水—排水”全流程视角，将社会用水系统简化为取水、制水、配水、用水、排水五大子系统，开展水资源行为下的各系统能耗分析，建立节水-能耗-减碳关系，基于SFA模型计算江苏省高用水工业节水量，以能源为桥梁，通过假设为基准、中度、高度三种情景，分析计算江苏省高用水工业节水减碳潜力。【结果】结果显示，三种情景下，节水分别降低4.46×10⁸ kWh、4.50×10⁸ kWh、4.54×10⁸ kWh能耗，分别减少碳排放34.70万t、34.97万t及35.25万t。【结论】结果表明：高用水工业节水在支撑能源节约与降低碳排放方面将发挥越来越重要的作用；社会用水系统揭示了工业节水在各个环节与能源节约的相关关系，但无法与碳减排建立直接关系；SFA模型可统筹考虑人口、经济、用水量等因素，测算高用水工业节水潜力，具有很大的推广应用价值。通过对江苏省高用水工业节水减碳计算和初步分析，充分展示了高用水工业节水在碳减排方面发挥的巨大作用，研究成果可为江苏省工业节水管理及能源分配提供借鉴。

Abstract

[Objective] Industry is one of the sectors with the highest concentration of water and energy use and is also one of the most carbon-intensive. The rapid development of the industrial economy has intensified the exploitation of water and energy resources, leading to a sharp increase in greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. To explore the water-saving and carbon-reduction potential of high-water-consuming industry in Jiangsu Province and to promote the rational development and utilization of water resources and energy, as well as the healthy, green development of industry, [Methods] adopting a comprehensive “water intake—water production—water distribution—water use—water discharge” perspective in Jiangsu Province, the social water system is simplified into five subsystems: water intake, water production, water distribution, water use, and water discharge. Energy consumption analysis for each subsystem under different water resource behaviors is conducted, establishing a relationship between water saving, energy consumption, and carbon reduction. Using the SFA model, the water-saving potential of high-water-consuming industry in Jiangsu Province is calculated, and scenarios with baseline, moderate, and high levels are analyzed to assess water-saving and carbon-reduction potential. [Results] The result show that in three scenarios, water conservation reduced energy consumption by 4.46×10⁸ kWh, 4.50×10⁸ kWh, and 4.54×10⁸ kWh, respectively, and decreased carbon emissions by 347,000 tons, 349,700 tons, and 352,500 tons. [Conclusion] The findings indicate that water conservation in high-water-consuming industry will play an increasingly important role in supporting energy savings and reducing carbon emissions. The social water system reveals the relationship between industrial water conservation and energy savings at various stages but does not establish a direct link to carbon reduction. The SFA model can comprehensively consider factors such as population, economy, and water usage to calculate the potential for water conservation in high-water-consuming industry, offering significant application value. The analysis of water conservation and carbon reduction in high-water-consuming industry in Jiangsu Province demonstrates the substantial impact of water conservation on carbon reduction and provides a reference for industrial water management and energy distribution in Jiangsu Province.

关键词

高用水工业 / 节水潜力 / 节水减碳 / 江苏省 / 水资源 / SFA模型 / 气候变化 / 碳排放

Key words

high-water-consuming industry / water-saving potential / water saving and carbon reduction / Jiangsu Province / water resources / SFA model / climate change / carbon emission

基金资助

国家重点研发计划“水源区水资源-水生态-经济社会协调演变及预测”(2022YEC3202401)

国家重点研发计划长江-黄河重点专项项目(2022YFC3202401)

江苏省水利科技项目(2022038)