基于大型底栖动物完整性指数的后峡河河流健康评价

蒋佳莉; 唐莲; 岳自慧; 王文; 马强

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.09.012

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (9) : 156 -166. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.09.012

水环境与水生态

基于大型底栖动物完整性指数的后峡河河流健康评价

蒋佳莉 ¹^,²^,³ ,
唐莲 ⁴ ,
岳自慧 ¹^,²^,³ ,
王文 ¹^,²^,³ ,
马强 ¹^,²^,³

作者信息 +

Health assessment of Houxia River based on benthic index of biotic integrity

Jiali JIANG ¹^,²^,³ ,
Lian TANG ⁴ ,
Zihui YUE ¹^,²^,³ ,
Wen WANG ¹^,²^,³ ,
Qiang MA ¹^,²^,³

Author information +

文章历史 +

PDF

摘要

【目的】为全面了解后峡河流域大型底栖动物群落结构，科学评价河流水生态健康状况。【方法】通过对后峡河流域大型底栖动物开展群落结构特征分析、B-IBI健康评价指标体系构建及水环境因子相关性分析，对群落丰富度、污染能力、功能摄食群、生物多样性指数等4类18个候选参数进行筛选，经分布范围分析、判别能力分析及相关性分析后，选取总分类单元数、敏感类群分类单元数、耐污类群分类单元数等5个核心指标开展评价，采用比值法统一量纲，以参照位点25%分位数建立评价标准。【结果】结果显示：(1)后峡河流域共检出底栖动物隶属3门4纲35科，节肢动物为该流域内优势类群。各监测位点在时间分布上，丰水期Shannon-wiener多样性指数、Margalef物种丰富度指数、Pielou物种均匀度均高于平水期水平；在空间分布上，河流上游及水库进水口3种指数均较高。(2)后峡河流域河流监测样点，在时间分布上，平水期健康状况大体优于丰水期；在空间分布上，中下游断面健康状况普遍较差，河流上游断面健康状况总体较好。【结论】后峡河流域河流B-IBI健康评价标准：B-IBI>3.92为健康，2.94<b-ibi≤3.92为亚健康，1.96<b-ibi≤2.94为一般，0.98<b-ibi≤1.96为差，b-ibi≤0.98为极差。b-ibi指数与水环境因子具有较强相关性，其中与溶解氧呈极显著正相关，与化学需氧量呈极显著负相关。本研究参照点选择合理、构建的b-ibi评价指标体系与后峡河流域河流健康状况适用性较强，研究成果可为后峡河流域水生态系统修复与保护、山区河流健康评价方法提供科学依据与理论参考。< p=""> </b-ibi≤3.92为亚健康，1.96<b-ibi≤2.94为一般，0.98<b-ibi≤1.96为差，b-ibi≤0.98为极差。b-ibi指数与水环境因子具有较强相关性，其中与溶解氧呈极显著正相关，与化学需氧量呈极显著负相关。本研究参照点选择合理、构建的b-ibi评价指标体系与后峡河流域河流健康状况适用性较强，研究成果可为后峡河流域水生态系统修复与保护、山区河流健康评价方法提供科学依据与理论参考。<>

Abstract

[Objective] In order to understand the community structure of macrobenthos in Houxia River basin and evaluate the ecological health status of river water scientifically. [Methods] Through analyzing the community structure characteristics of macrobenthos in Houxia River Basin, building B-IBI health evaluation index system and correlation analysis of water environmental factors, 18 candidate parameters in 4 categories, including community richness, pollution capacity, functional feeding group and biodiversity index, were screened. After distribution range analysis, discrimination ability analysis and correlation analysis, Five core indexes, including total taxa, sensitive taxa and pollution tolerance taxa, were selected for evaluation. The ratio method was used to unify the dimensions, and the evaluation criteria were established with reference to 25% quantile of loci. [Results] The result showed as follows:(1) The benthos belonging to 3 phyla, 4 classes and 35 families were detected in Houxihe River basin, and arthropods were the dominant group in the basin. Shannon-wiener diversity index, Margalef species richness index and Pielou species evenness in wet season were higher than those in normal season. In terms of spatial distribution, three indices were relatively higher in the upper reaches of the river and the inlet of the reservoir.(2) The health status of river monitoring sites in Houxia River basin was generally better than that in wet season in terms of time distribution; In terms of spatial distribution, the health status of the middle and lower reaches of the river is generally poor, while the health status of the upper reaches is generally good. [Conclusion] The assessment criteria of river B-IBI health in Houxia River basin are as follows: B-IBI> 3.92 is healthy, 2.94 < B-IBI≤3.92 is sub-healthy, 1.96 < B-IBI≤2.94 is general, 0.98 < B-IBI≤1.96 is poor, and B-IBI ≤0.98 is extremely poor. The B-IBI index has a strong correlation with water environmental factors, in which the positive correlation with dissolved oxygen is extremely significant, and the negative correlation with chemical oxygen demand is extremely significant. In this study, the selection of reference points is reasonable, the construction of B-IBI evaluation index system is highly applicable to the river health status of Houxia River basin, and the research result can provide scientific basis and theoretical reference for the restoration and protection of water ecosystem in Houxia River basin and the evaluation method of mountain river health.