考虑块体尺寸效应的高位崩滑体运动过程数值反演：以贵州纳雍普洒崩塌为例

王福林; 赵珍贤; 江兴元; 杨义; 田俊伟; 吴迪; 毕晖

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.09.016

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (9) : 209 -221. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.09.016

工程地质

考虑块体尺寸效应的高位崩滑体运动过程数值反演：以贵州纳雍普洒崩塌为例

王福林 ¹ ,
赵珍贤 ² ,
江兴元 ¹^,² ,
杨义 ¹^,² ,
田俊伟 ¹ ,
吴迪 ² ,
毕晖 ²

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Numerical inversion of the motion process of high rockslide body considering block size effect: A case study of Pusa rockslide in Nayong County, China

Funlin WANG ¹ ,
Zhenxian ZHAO ² ,
Xingyuan JIANG ¹^,² ,
Yi YANG ¹^,² ,
Junwei TIAN ¹ ,
Di WU ² ,
Hui BI ²

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摘要

【目的】反向缓倾层状节理化碎裂岩体结构斜坡失稳形成的崩滑灾害是常见的山地灾害类型之一，探究其失稳破坏过程及运动特征对灾害防治具有现实意义。以贵州8.28普洒崩塌作为研究对象，分析了普洒崩滑的岩体结构特征及变形历史。【方法】利用地形测绘数据，构建了三维实景地质模型，并通过颗粒图像识别与分析系统(PCAS)统计崩滑堆积体块体粒径大小，设置0.5 m、2.0 m、3.5 m和5 m四种不同的块体粒径，对普洒崩塌的落石运动过程进行了反演。【结果】研究表明：(1)普洒崩滑堆积体块体粒径大小大多集中在1~2 m之间；(2)不同粒径条件下，破碎块体的最大速度、最大能量、最远距离及最高高度分别达到74.55 m/s、2.3×104 kJ、667 m及107 m,且粒径大小对落石运动特征具有不同程度的影响；(3)在堆积区凸起台阶处，第三分带的速度发生骤变，速度很快从30 m/s附近降至20 m/s左右。【结论】块体粒径影响落石运动；落石在运移过程中的运动模式为“自由落体—碰撞/滚动/冲击弹跳—碰撞/滚动/滑动摩擦”;微地貌影响落石运动。研究思路和方法可为其他崩滑灾害的危险性评价和危险区域划分提供参考。

Abstract

[Objective] Rockslide disaster caused by slope instability of reverse gently inclined layered jointed fragmentation rock mass structure is one of the common types of mountain disasters. It is of practical significance to explore the process of instability and failure for disaster prevention and control. Taking the ‘8.28 Pusa collapse' in Guizhou as the research object, the deformation history and rock mass structure characteristics of Pusa rockslide were analyzed. [Methods] Using the topographic mapping data, a three-dimensional geological model was constructed, and the block size of the rockslide accumulation body was counted by the Particles(Pores) and Cracks Analysis System(PCAS). Four different block sizes of 0.5 m, 2.0 m, 3.5 m and 5 m were set to invert the rockfall movement process of the Pusa rockslide. [Results] The research shows that:(1)The block size of the rockslide accumulation block ladder in Pusa is mostly concentrated between 1~2 m;(2)Under different block size conditions, the maximum velocity, maximum energy, maximum distance and maximum height of the broken block reach 74.55 m/s, 2.3×104 kJ, 667 m and 107 m respectively, and the particle size has different degrees of influence on the motion characteristics of rockfall.(3)The velocity of the third zone changes abruptly at the step of the accumulation zone, and the velocity decreases rapidly from 30 m/s to about 20 m/s. [Conclusion] Block size affects rockfall movement; The movement mode of rockfall in the process of migration is “free fall—rolling(collision/impact bounce)—rolling(collision/sliding friction)”; Micro-topography affects rockfall movement. The research ideas and method of this paper can be used for the risk of other landslide disasters.