极寒条件下地下洞室通风供暖形式及节能措施研究

Study on ventilation and heating forms of underground cavern and energy saving measures under extremely cold conditions

摘要

某大型地下洞室工程地处严寒地区，冬期时长208 d,平均温度-19.7℃,最低温度-45.4℃。该洞室的分布错综复杂，主洞室施工周期漫长，施工巷道、水幕巷道线路长交叉口多。随着施工的推进，洞室之间的联通方式、通风通道、通风距离、通风回路都在不断变化，地下洞室气流组织复杂，施工保温供暖难度大。针对以上在施工中存在的困难，采用计算流体力学(CFD)理论模型对水封洞库不同施工时段的风流场和温度场进行模拟，通过现场采集数据对模拟成果进行修正，力求通过计算模拟指导施工。利用计算模拟的成果对施工期冬季施工通风及供暖布置进行了优化调整，使极端寒冷条件下洞内环境温度始终保持在5℃以上，同时充分利用洞内排出气体的余热解决了交通洞路面结冰的难题，为工程建设的推进起到了很好的保障效果。

Abstract

A large underground cavern project is located in a severely cold area, with a winter period of 208 days, an average temperature of-19.7 ℃, and a minimum temperature of-45.4 ℃. The distribution of this cavern is complex and intricate, with a long construction period for the main cavern and multiple intersections of construction tunnels and water curtain tunnels. With the progress of construction, the connection mode, ventilation channels, ventilation distance, and ventilation circuit between tunnels are constantly changing. In response to the difficulties encountered during the construction process mentioned above, we adopted the Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) theoretical model to simulate the airflow and temperature fields of the water sealed cavern during different construction periods. We corrected the simulation result through on-site data collection, striving to guide the construction through computational simulation. We have utilized the result of computational simulation to optimize and adjust the ventilation and heating layout during winter construction, ensuring that the ambient temperature inside the tunnel remains above 5 ℃ under extreme cold conditions. At the same time, we have fully utilized the residual heat of the gas discharged from the tunnel to solve the problem of road icing in the traffic tunnel, providing a good guarantee for the advancement of engineering construction.

关键词

极寒条件 / 地下洞室 / 通风 / 供暖 / 节能 / 结冰 / 计算流体力学

Key words

cold conditions / underground cavity / improve air circulation / heating / energy saving / freezing / CFD

Author summay

刘国超(1987—), 男, 工程师, 项目总工程师, 学士, 主要从事大型地下洞室工程施工技术研究。E-mail: [e-mail]