基于参数化建模的地下洞室施工通风方案优化

Optimization of ventilation scheme for underground caverns construction based on parametric modeling

摘要

地下洞室纵横交错的布置形式和平行交叉的掘进方式导致通风散烟难度大，而其通风效果直接影响工程的施工进度和安全。以某地下水封洞库工程为研究对象，采用Addins方式对OpenBuildings Designer软件进行二次开发，参数化构建地下水封洞库BIM模型，并依据与工程相符的初始条件和边界条件，通过标准k-ε湍流模型和组分运输模型精细化模拟洞室内风流场分布与有害气体迁移。研究结果表明，相对于风管出口到工作面的距离，其在截面的位置对二衬步距范围内通风效果的影响更大；当风管出口位于拱顶中央且距工作面50 m时，二衬步距范围内的通风效果最好，仅需9.7 min的通风时长即可满足施工人员长期作业的需求；洞室内有害气体存在汇集于连接巷道、施工巷道等主通道内的现象，可考虑在主通道内有序间隔布设射流风机以提高其通风效率。

Abstract

The crisscross layout and parallel crossing excavation method of of underground caverns make it difficult to ventilate and disperse smoke, and the ventilation effect directly affects the construction progress and safety of the project. Taking a ground water-sealed cavern project as the research object, the OpenBuildings Designer modeling software is redeveloped by Addins method, and the BIM model of the groundwater-sealed cavern is parameterized. According to the initial conditions and boundary conditions consistent with the project, the standard turbulence model and the component transport model are used to simulate the distribution of the wind flow field and the migration of harmful gases in the cavern. The result show that the position of the cross section has a greater influence on the ventilation effect in the range of the secondary lining step distance than the distance from the outlet of the air duct to the working face. When the air duct outlet is located in the middle of the vault and 50 m away from the working face, the ventilation effect within the second lining step distance is the best, and only 9.7 min of ventilation time can meet the needs of long-term operation of construction personnel. The harmful gases in the tunnel are concentrated in the main channels such as connecting roadways and construction roadways. It is considered that jet fans can be arranged in an orderly interval in the main channel to improve its ventilation efficiency.

关键词

地下洞室群 / 施工通风 / 参数化建模 / 数值模拟 / 通风方案

Key words

underground caverns / construction ventilation / parametric modeling / numerical simulation / ventilation scheme

Author summay

赵于龙(1999—), 男, 硕士研究生, 主要从事智慧水利方面的研究。E-mail: [e-mail]

基金资助

天津大学自主创新基金项目(2023XJD-0065)

国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3090103)