新型一字门拦河大型浮船式泵站水动力载荷的数值模拟研究

Numerical study on the hydrodynamic load of a new large-scale floating barrage pump station with a single-gate configuration

摘要

传统泵闸类水利枢纽的水闸与泵站通常为非集成式，面临占用水道面积大建设困难、一体化智能控制不便、城市建设美观度差等问题，因此以苏州河河口浮式泵站为例，提出一种新型集成式泵闸：一字门拦河大型浮船式泵站。然而该泵站在工作状态下的侧推功率和对河床淤泥影响尚不明确，因此本研究从流动分析角度计算该泵站的水动力载荷，采用了RANS求解器结合VOF多相流模型的方法建立数值模型，以预测该泵站在关闭、开启以及关门清淤状态下的受力情况，并对上下游流场的特性进行分析。结果显示：在泵站匀速关闭过程中，其水动力载荷呈现非线性增长，增大船底与河道之间的间隙可降低水动力载荷；泵站开门过程所需侧推力与河道水位呈正相关关系；在泵站冲淤过程中，浮船底部与河床的距离越大，能够实现的有效冲淤范围也相应增加。结果表明：泵站的船底间隙、水泵的拍门、侧推功率在开启关闭阀门过程中需要及时调整配合，同时结论可以为类似工程项目的风险评估和资源管理提供参考。

Abstract

The water gates and pump stations of traditional pump gate water conservancy hubs are usually nonintegrated, facing difficulties in occupying large waterway areas, inconvenient integrated intelligent control, and poor urban construction aesthetics. Therefore, the floating pump station at the mouth of Suzhou River was taken as an example and proposes a new type of integrated pump gate: a large-scale floating barrage pump station with a single-gate configuration. However, the lateral thrust power of the pump station and its impact on riverbed silt during operation are not yet clear. Therefore, this study calculates the hydrodynamic load of the pump station from the perspective of flow analysis, and the numerical simulation study was conducted using the RANS solver in conjunction with the VOF multiphase flow model. This research aimed to predict the force conditions experienced by the pump station during shut-down, start-up, and door-closed dredging operations, as well as to analyze the characteristics of the upstream and downstream flow fields. The findings revealed that: during the uniform closure process of the pump station, its hydrodynamic load shows a nonlinear increase; enlarging the gap between the bottom of the vessel and the riverbed can reduce the hydrodynamic load; the side thrust required for the pump station′s door-opening process is positively correlated with the water level of the river; during the pump station′s dredging process, the greater the distance between the bottom of the floating vessel and the riverbed, the larger the effective dredging range that can be achieved. The result indicate that the clearance between the bottom of the pump station, the flap of the water pump, and the lateral thrust power need to be adjusted and coordinated in a timely manner during the process of opening and closing the valve. At the same time, the conclusion can provide reference for risk assessment and resource management of similar engineering projects.

关键词

浮船式泵站 / 数值模拟 / 水动力载荷 / 流场特性

Key words

floating ship pump station / numerical simulation / hydrodynamic load / flow field characteristics

Author summay

王建生(1980—), 男, 高级工程师, 学士, 从事水利建设与管理工作。E-mail: [e-mail]