InSAR技术用于黄河流域滑坡隐患识别和多维形变分析

Application of insar technology for landslide hazard identification and multi-dimensional deformation analysis in the Yellow River Basin

摘要

青海省位于青藏高原东北部，受地质和气候影响，黄河两岸频繁发生滑坡灾害。采用SBAS-InSAR技术利用Sentinel-1数据获取了2019年1月至2023年12月期间黄河流域玛沁段的地表形变信息，并结合可视性分析开展滑坡隐患识别。采用升、降轨数据获取了二维形变结果，并选取军功滑坡进行监测分析；在此基础上，引入地表平行流约束模型对秀麻乡滑坡开展三维形变反演研究。研究结果显示：基于InSAR形变速率，升、降轨数据分别识别出65处和46处变形区域，共计82处变形区，升降轨结合可消除几何畸变对结果的影响，实现工作区均为好可视性区；二维形变结果显示东西向和垂直向最大形变速率分别为-50 mm/a和88 mm/a,二维结果有助于辅助分析滑坡变形特征，军功滑坡的二维形变显示2~#区变形强烈，受人类工程活动和降雨等因素干扰，玛多地震对其变形也有明显影响，垂直向形变达到-175 mm;三维形变揭示了秀麻乡滑坡群不同部位的运动方向，坡体水平滑动方向受微地貌影响，以正南为主偏向沟内，同时伴有下沉状态，时序结果显示滑坡受降雨影响明显，局部有周期性形变特征。

Abstract

Qinghai Province is located in the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Frequently affected by geological and climatic factors, landslides along the Yellow River often developed. SBAS-InSAR technology was used to obtain surface deformation information of the Yellow River section in Maqin County, Qinghai Province, from January 2019 to October 2023, using Sentinel-1 data, and visual analysis was conducted to assist in identifying potential geohazards. In addition, two-dimensional deformation result were obtained using ascending and descending tracks, and the Jungong landslide was monitored using two-dimensional monitoring analysis. Based on this, the surface parallel flow constraint model was introduced to perform three-dimensional deformation inversion study on the Xiuma town landslide. The research result show that: based on the InSAR deformation rate, 65 and 46 deformation areas were identified using ascending and descending tracks respectively, for a total of 82 deformation areas, and the combined ascending and descending tracks achieved good visibility in the study area and eliminated the influence of geometric distortion on the result. The two-dimensional deformation result show that the maximum east-west and north-south deformation rates are-50 mm/a and 88 mm/a, respectively, which can assist in analyzing the deformation characteristics of landslides; The two-dimensional deformation of the Jungong landslide shows that 2~# deformed strongly, affected by human engineering activities and rainfall, with a vertical deformation of-175 mm; The three-dimensional deformation reveals the movement direction of different parts of the landslide in Xiuma town landslide. The horizontal sliding direction of the slope is affected by the micro-geomorphology, mainly southward and deviation into the trench, accompanied by subsidence. The time series result show that the landslide is obviously affected by rainfall, and periodic deformation characteristics are observed in local area.

关键词

黄河 / 隐患识别 / InSAR / MSBAS / 多维形变反演

Key words

Yellow River / geohazards identification / InSAR / MSBAS / multidimensional deformation inversion

Author summay

赵 恒(1992—), 男, 工程师, 学士, 主要从事水利水电工程管理工作。E-mail: [e-mail]

基金资助

四川省地质调查研究院财政资金项目(SCIGS-CZDXM-2024006)

部-省合作项目(四川地质灾害遥感SCDZRS-2023)