严寒区特高拱坝预制多功能免拆模板技术

Prefabricated non-dismantling multifunctional formwork technology for ultra-high arch dams in severe cold regions

摘要

针对严寒地区大坝混凝土浇筑年内可施工期短、施工交叉干扰大、永久保温层在运行期脱落等问题，首次提出了一种适用于严寒区特高拱坝的多功能免拆除保温模板技术。通过结构优化设计、数值分析和模型试验相结合的方法，对严酷服役环境下的保温模板进行了结构设计和承载力验证。结果表明：在承受水荷载、风荷载、温度荷载、冰拔、冰压等复杂外荷载作用下，遴选出来的复合多功能模板结构形式满足要求，真正能达到集保温、施工模板、抗冰拔、防渗等功能为一体。而且模板无须拆除，可以简化施工工序、减少施工中的交叉干扰、解决永久和临时保温的施工难题；可以系统解决严寒复杂工况下高拱坝保温体系在运行期的耐久性问题，确保大坝温控防裂满足要求。

Abstract

A multifunctional non-dismantling insulation formwork technology for ultra-high arch dams in severe cold regions is proposed to address critical challenges such as the shortage of construction periods, significant cross-interference during construction, and the detachment of permanent insulation layers during operation. By combining structural optimization design, numerical analysis, and model testing, this article proposed the structural design and bearing capacity verification of the formwork under harsh service conditions. The result demonstrate that the final composite multifunctional formwork structure meets the performance requirements under complex external loads, including water load, wind load, temperature load, ice pulling, and ice pressure. The design effectively integrate the functions of insulation, construction formwork, anti-ice-pulling, and anti-seepage. Furthermore, the non-dismantling formwork eliminates the need for removal after built, thereby simplifying the construction process, reducing cross interference during construction, and resolving issues related to both permanent and temporary insulation. This approach provides a comprehensive solution to the durability problems of high arch dam insulation systems during operation under complex cold conditions, meeting the requirements of temperature control and crack prevention.

关键词

严寒地区 / 特高拱坝 / 免拆多功能模板

Key words

severe cold regions / ultra-high arch dam / non-dismantling multifunctional formwork

基金资助

新疆水发建设集团公司科研项目(QBT087/FY36)