城市水工隧洞TBM施工地质风险及综合超前地质预报技术

Geological risk of TBM construction in urban hydraulic tunnel and comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology

摘要

为降低或避免城市水工隧洞TBM施工风险，需构建一套针对城市水工隧洞TBM施工高风险特征的综合超前地质预报技术。在充分分析城市水工隧洞的特点与TBM施工风险的情况下，利用地质分析法初步确定主要不良地质体及地质缺陷部位(段)作为预报重点，以此确定针对性物探与钻探探测方法与实施部位(段),再对所获取的数据与信息进行综合地质解译，最终预报隧洞掌子面前方围岩类别、主要不良地质体，并分析可能由此带来围岩坍塌、涌水突泥及软岩变形等地质灾害，进而预测造成TBM设备卡机、淹没及地面塌陷等事故可能与危害程度，提出针对性的措施建议。该预报技术已先后应用于多个重大城市水工隧洞工程，根据已应用的工程效果分析，对围岩类别与不良地质体预报的准确率分别达93%与94%,使TBM施工隧洞超前地质预报准确率得到有效提高，并取得了较好效果。结果表明，针对城市水工隧洞TBM施工高风险特点，采用有针对性的综合超前地质预报技术，可有效提高预报准确率，为优化设计与应急处理措施提供技术支撑，从而降低施工风险，避免灾害事故发生，在相关工程中，值得广泛应用和推广。

Abstract

In order to reduce or avoid the risk of TBM construction in urban hydraulic tunnels, it is necessary to construct a set of comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology for the high-risk characteristics of TBM construction in urban hydraulic tunnels. Under the condition of fully analyzing the characteristics of urban hydraulic tunnels and the risks of TBM construction, the geological analysis method is used to preliminarily determine the main unfavorable geological bodies and geological defect parts(sections) as the key points of prediction, so as to determine the targeted geophysical exploration and drilling detection method and implementation parts(sections). Then, the obtained data and information are comprehensively interpreted in geology, and finally the surrounding rock types and main unfavorable geological bodies in front of the tunnel face are predicted. The possible geological disasters such as surrounding rock collapse, water and mud inrush and soft rock deformation are analyzed, and then the possibility and harm degree of accidents such as TBM equipment jamming, submergence and ground collapse are predicted, and targeted measures and suggestions were put forward. The prediction technology has been applied to several major urban hydraulic tunnel projects. According to the analysis of the applied engineering effect, the accuracy of the prediction of the surrounding rock type and the bad geological body is 93% and 94% respectively, The accuracy of advanced geological prediction of TBM construction tunnel has been effectively improved, and good result have been achieved. The result show that in view of the high risk characteristics of TBM construction in urban hydraulic tunnels, the use of targeted comprehensive advanced geological prediction technology can effectively improve the accuracy of prediction, provide technical support for optimization design and emergency treatment measures, thus reducing construction risks and avoiding disaster accidents. It is worthy of wide application and promotion in related projects. This technology can provide reference for the design, construction and researchers of urban hydraulic tunnels.

关键词

城市水工隧洞 / TBM施工 / 地质预报

Key words

urban hydraulic tunnel / TBM tunneling / geological prediction

Author summay

高 健(1975—), 男, 高级工程师, 硕士, 主要从事工程地质与岩土工程勘察与研究。E-mail: [e-mail]

基金资助

长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司科研项目(CX2024Z25-4)