高拱坝渗流控制措施的数值模拟与优选

黄之源; 谷艳昌; 陈波; 陈斯煜

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.S2.061

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (S2) : 351 -357. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.S2.061

工程基础

高拱坝渗流控制措施的数值模拟与优选

黄之源 ¹ ,
谷艳昌 ¹^,²^,³ ,
陈波 ²^,⁴ ,
陈斯煜 ¹^,³

作者信息 +

Numerical simulation and optimization of seepage control schemes for high arch dams

Zhiyuan HUANG ¹ ,
Yanchang GU ¹^,²^,³ ,
Bo CHEN ²^,⁴ ,
Siyu CHEN ¹^,³

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

选择合适的渗流控制措施是高拱坝设计的关键内容之一，关系到拱坝运行的长期安全性和施工经济性。为优化高拱坝不同渗流控制措施和方案，以某坝高240 m的高混凝土拱坝为例，建立了三维渗流仿真有限元模型，模拟了高拱坝的三维渗流场，开展不同渗控方案下对典型剖面的渗流仿真计算，分析得到典型剖面的渗压变化规律，以此反映出不同渗控措施对拱坝渗流场的敏感性。结果表明：设置排水孔可以有效降低扬压力；帷幕的设置也有助于降低扬压力，但与排水措施相比，扬压力折减程度较小；水垫塘和抗力体排水设置非常重要，对降低水垫塘附近区域的地下水渗压发挥了巨大的作用；抗力体和水垫塘排水幕的设置能够起到较好的防渗效果。在此基础上，对大坝渗控设计提出了优选方案，对类似工程具有重要借鉴意义。

Abstract

Selecting appropriate seepage control schemes is a critical aspect of high arch dam design, influencing the long-term safety and economic feasibility of dam operation. To optimize various seepage control measures and schemes for high arch dams, a 240-meter-high concrete arch dam was used as a case study. A three-dimensional seepage simulation finite element model was established to simulate the three-dimensional seepage field of the high arch dam. Seepage simulations under different seepage control schemes were conducted for typical cross-sections, and the seepage pressure variation patterns of these sections were analyzed to reflect the sensitivity of different seepage control schemes to the dam's seepage field. The result indicate that: Installing drainage holes can effectively reduce uplift pressure. The installation of a curtain also helps to reduce uplift pressure, but the reduction is less significant compared to drainage measures. The drainage settings for the cushion pool and resistance rock mass are crucial, playing a significant role in reducing groundwater seepage pressure in the vicinity of the cushion pool. The installation of drainage hole arrays for the resistance rock mass and cushion pool can achieve good seepage prevention effects. On the basis, an optimized scheme for seepage control has been proposed, which holds significant reference value for similar projects.