高陡坡落石特征及崩落运动轨迹模拟分析

梁祎霖; 张杰; 字忠; 刘富才

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.S2.101

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (S2) : 656 -662. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.S2.101

工程地质

高陡坡落石特征及崩落运动轨迹模拟分析

梁祎霖 ¹^,²^,³ ,
张杰 ⁴^,⁵^,⁶ ,
字忠 ¹^,²^,³ ,
刘富才 ¹^,²^,³

作者信息 +

Simulation analysis of rockfall characteristics and avalanche trajectories on high and steep slopes

Yilin LIANG ¹^,²^,³ ,
Jie ZHANG ⁴^,⁵^,⁶ ,
Zhong ZI ¹^,²^,³ ,
Fucai LIU ¹^,²^,³

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

我国西南地区地质灾害频发，危岩体崩塌灾害是常见的地质灾害之一。花果山危岩崩塌区位于云南省昭通市盐津县，该地区的地貌是由构造溶蚀和河流侵蚀共同塑造的低中山峡谷地貌，地势陡峻，节理裂隙发育，岩体破碎，在降雨、地震等不利因素作用下部分岩体崩塌、坠落，属稳定性较差的危险岩块分布区。为研究该区域危岩体崩落运动轨迹特征，通过现场调查及无人机高精度航拍影像数据，生成高精度数字地形模型(DTM),将模型导入RocPro3D对危岩体崩落运动进行模拟分析。结果表明，对花果山危岩带进行落石模拟，落石的运动轨迹大致走向为花果山三级阶梯的东南和西南两侧。通过对具体轨迹的分析，在坡脚两侧设置高度为10 m,最大冲击能量在250 kJ的被动防护网P1、P2,模拟的拦截落石效果显著。可见该模拟可以提高崩塌灾害预测的准确性和可靠性，为防灾减灾工作提供科学依据，有助于推动RocPro3D模拟技术与无人机影像结合在崩塌防治领域的应用和发展。

Abstract

Geological disasters occur frequently in the southwest of China, and the hazardous rock collapse disaster is one of the common geological disasters. Huaguo Mountain dangerous rock collapse area is located in Yantian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, the geomorphology of the area is shaped by tectonic dissolution and river erosion together in the low mountain canyon geomorphology. The terrain is steep, with well-developed joints and fissures. The rock body is fractured, and under the influence of unfavorable factors such as rainfall and earthquakes, parts of the rock body have collapsed or fallen. This makes it a less stable area with a high distribution of hazardous rock formations. In order to study the trajectory characteristics of the falling movement of hazardous rock mass in this area, a high-precision digital terrain model(DTM) was generated through on-site investigation and high-precision aerial image data from a drone, and the model was imported into RocPro3D to simulate and analyze the falling movement of the hazardous rock mass. The result show that, for the simulation of rockfall in the critical rock belt of Huaguo Mountain, the trajectory of rockfall is roughly oriented to the southeast and southwest sides of the three-stage ladder of Huaguo Mountain. Through the analysis of the specific trajectory, the simulated effect of intercepting falling rocks is remarkable by setting up passive protection nets P1 and P2 with a height of 10 m and a maximum impact energy of 250kJ on both sides of the foot of the slope. The simulation can improve the accuracy and reliability of collapse disaster prediction, provide scientific basis for disaster prevention and mitigation work, and help to promote the application and development of the combination of RocPro3D simulation technology and UAV images in the field of collapse prevention and control.