考虑运行方式差异的水风光基地惯量支撑能力量化评估方法

Quantitative evaluation method for inertia support capability of hydro-wind-solar base with consideration of operation mode difference

摘要

【目的】随着水风光清洁能源基地一体化开发模式的发展，如何在水风光耦合下实现清洁能源基地的优化调度，以及如何评估水电机组对系统稳定性的支撑能力，成为亟需解决的问题。为探究不同运行调度方式下基地对系统的稳定支撑能力，并实现大规模新能源接入下的优化调度，建立了水风光清洁能源基地的并网优化调度模型，并提出了惯量支撑能力的量化评估方法。【方法】将水风光一体化基地参与电网调度的方式划分为大耦合与小耦合两种模式，并以风光能源最大化消纳为目标，分别构建了相应的优化调度模型。同时，基于等效惯量常数法提出系统惯量支撑能力的量化评估指标，进一步分析不同风光占比、不同水电装机规模及不同运行方式下水电调度方案对系统等效惯量的影响。【结果】研究结果表明：在大耦合运行模式下，系统频率安全性较受影响，部分时段存在惯量缺失问题。光伏发电不确定性对水电调度的影响大于风电，导致水电机组开机数量增加，但也提升了系统的等效惯量。此外，风光比例对小耦合调度结果的影响显著大于大耦合模式。【结论】在大耦合运行模式下，基地整体惯量支撑能力优于小耦合模式，能够提供更多旋转备用，更好支撑系统的稳定运行。

Abstract

[Objective] With the advancement of integrated development models for hydro-wind-solar clean energy bases, key challenges have emerged regarding how to achieve optimal dispatch under hydro-wind-solar coupling and how to evaluate the stability support capability provided by hydropower units. To address these issues, this study aims to explore the stability support performance of such bases under different dispatch modes and to realize optimal scheduling under large-scale renewable energy integration. A grid-connected optimal scheduling model for hydro-wind-solar clean energy bases is established, along with a quantitative assessment method for inertia support capability. [Methods] Two dispatching modes for the hydro-wind-solar integrated base are defined: large coupling and small coupling. Optimization models for both modes are constructed with the objective of maximizing the consumption of wind and solar energy. Based on the equivalent inertia constant method, quantitative evaluation indicators for the system's inertia support capability are proposed. These indicators are further used to analyze the impact of various wind-to-solar ratios, hydropower capacities, and operation modes on the system's equivalent inertia. [Results] The results show that under the large coupling mode, system frequency security is more vulnerable, with periods of inertia deficiency identified. Moreover, photovoltaic generation uncertainty exerts a greater influence on hydropower scheduling than wind power, leading to an increased number of operating hydropower units. However, this also enhances the system's equivalent inertia. Additionally, the wind-solar ratio has a more pronounced impact on the scheduling result under the small coupling mode than under the large coupling mode. [Conclusion] Under the large coupling mode, the overall inertia support capacity of the base is superior to that under the small coupling mode, providing more spinning reserves and better supporting the stable operation of the power system.

关键词

水风光耦合 / 清洁能源一体化基地 / 优化调度 / 系统等效惯量 / 稳定支撑

Key words

hydro-wind-solar coupling / clean energy integrated base / optimal dispatch / system equivalent inertia / stability support

Author summay

徐韵扬(1994—), 女, 高级工程师, 博士, 主要从事电力系统安全稳定分析、新能源并网系统研究。E-mail: [e-mail]

基金资助

国网四川省电力公司科技项目(521997230013)