以微生物呼吸强度为导向的生物堆通气系统优化研究

雷鹏程; 梁源芳; 代胜; 葛志鹏; 刘元媛; 杨瑞; 林静; 侍维; 瞿继虎

doi:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2026.04.011

水利水电技术（中英文） ›› 2026, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4) : 146 -160. DOI: 10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2026.04.011

水环境治理与水生态修复专栏

以微生物呼吸强度为导向的生物堆通气系统优化研究

雷鹏程 ¹^,² ,
梁源芳 ¹^,² ,
代胜 ¹^,² ,
葛志鹏 ¹^,² ,
刘元媛 ¹^,² ,
杨瑞 ¹^,² ,
林静 ¹^,² ,
侍维 ¹^,² ,
瞿继虎 ¹^,²

作者信息 +

Optimization study of biopile ventilation system based on microbial respiration intensity

Pengcheng LEI ¹^,² ,
Yuanfang LIANG ¹^,² ,
Sheng DAI ¹^,² ,
Zhipeng GE ¹^,² ,
Yuanyuan LIU ¹^,² ,
Rui YANG ¹^,² ,
Jing LIN ¹^,² ,
Wei SHI ¹^,² ,
Jihu QU ¹^,²

Author information +

文章历史 +

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摘要

【目的】为攻克污染土壤生物堆修复中通风系统精准设计的瓶颈问题，【方法】开发了一种基于微生物呼吸动力学的创新设计体系。该体系通过中试数据对比，证实了以CO₂生成速率为指标的理论模型(偏差10.7倍)远优于传统O₂消耗模型(偏差1450倍),确立了CO₂作为高灵敏度动态监测指标的科学性。【结果】优化的“有效抽气流量”(406 m³·h^-1)是维持高效降解环境、避免代谢抑制的核心工程参数。在为期两周的中试修复中，采用该优化系统的试验组(1区)石油烃(C₁₀-C₄₀)降解效率高达62.70%,显著优于对照组(2区)的降解效率30.94%。同时，系统通过促进关键降解菌群(Bacillus与Flavobacterium)的富集，从微生物层面验证了其有效性。【结论】所构建的“理论计算+综合工程系数(10.7)”半经验体系，实现了微生物生理特性与工程参数的直接耦合，为生物堆通风设计提供了兼具科学性与实用性的技术方案。

Abstract

[Objective] In order to address the challenges in the precise design of ventilation systems for biopile remediation of contaminated soil, [Methods] an innovative design framework based on microbial respiration dynamics was developed. Through pilot-scale data comparison, the theoretical model using the CO₂ production rate as an indicator(with a deviation of 10.7 times) was proved far superior to the traditional O₂ consumption model(with a deviation of 1 450 times), confirming the validity of CO₂ as a high-sensitivity dynamic monitoring indicator. [Results] The optimized “effective extraction flow rate”(406 m³·h^-1) was the core engineering parameter for maintaining an efficient degradation environment and avoiding metabolic inhibition. Throughout a two-week pilot remediation, the degradation efficiency of petroleum hydrocarbons(C₁₀-C₄₀) in the test group(area 1) using the optimized system reached 62.70%, which was significantly higher than that of 30.94% in the control group(area 2). Moreover, the effectiveness of the system was further verified at the microbial level by facilitating the enrichment of key degrading bacteria(Bacillus and Flavobacterium). [Conclusion] The established semi-empirical system of “theoretical calculation + comprehensive engineering coefficient(10.7)” realizes the direct coupling between microbial physiological characteristics and engineering parameters, offering a scientifically sound and practical approach for biopile ventilation design.