多因素耦合下绿色设施对城市排水防涝效益研究

Research on drainage and flood control benefits of green facilities under multi-factor coupling

摘要

【目的】为了优化城市自排区域的排水防涝体系,提升区域应对极端降雨的能力,【方法】以上海市青浦新城中央商务区为研究对象,基于Infoworks ICM构建一维二维排水管网耦合模型,分析河道水位、布设比例等多因素对绿色设施积水削减效益的影响。选取下凹式绿地、雨水花园和透水铺装3种典型绿色设施,模拟短历时(120 min)和长历时(24 h)降雨条件下的积水总量以及积水面积指标,定量评估不同布设比例和水位边界条件下的设施效益。【结果】结果表明,在两种降雨历时条件下,绿色设施的削减效果均随布设比例的增加而提升,但下凹式绿地的积水削减效益显著高于雨水花园及透水铺装;三种绿色设施在短历时降雨条件下的削减效益均优于长历时降雨条件。河道水位变化对绿色设施的积水削减效益影响较小。【结论】研究提出的多因素耦合绿色设施布设比例优化框架为城市排水系统优化设计和海绵城市建设提供了重要参考。

Abstract

[Objective] To optimize the drainage and flood control system in urban self-draining areas and enhance their capacity to cope with extreme rainfall. [Methods] Taking the Central Business District of Qingpu New City in Shanghai as a case study, a 1D~2D coupled drainage pipe network model was constructed based on Infoworks ICM. The effects of multiple factors, such as river water level and layout proportion, on the waterlogging reduction benefits of green facilities were analyzed. Three typical types of green facilities were selected: sunken greenbelt, rain garden, and permeable pavement. The total waterlogging volume and waterlogging area under short-duration( 120 min) and long-duration( 24 h) rainfall conditions were simulated to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of these facilities under different layout proportions and water level boundary conditions. [Results] The result showed that under both short-and long-duration rainfall conditions, the reduction effectiveness of green facilities increased with increasing layout proportion. However, the waterlogging reduction benefit of the sunken greenbelt was significantly higher than that of rain gardens and permeable pavements. The three types of green facilities exhibited superior performance in reduction benefits under short-duration rainfall conditions compared to long-duration conditions. Variations in river water level had a minor influence on the waterlogging reduction benefits of green facilities. [Conclusion] The optimization framework for green facility layout proportion under multi-factor coupling proposed in this research provides an important reference for the optimized design of urban drainage systems and the construction of sponge cities.

关键词

绿色设施 / Infoworks ICM / 自排区域 / 多因素影响 / 排水防涝 / 积水削减 / 极端降雨 / 海绵城市

Key words

green facilities / Infoworks ICM / self-draining area / multi-factor influences / drainage and flood control / waterlogging reduction / extreme rainfall / sponge city

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(42371030)

上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(21DZ1202602)

上海市水务局(上海市海洋局)科研项目(沪水科2025-07)