机会网络中基于博弈论的节能信标控制策略

Game Theory-based Control Strategy for Energy-efficient Beacons in Opportunistic Networks

摘要

机会网络中，由于大部分终端设备的可用能源有限，如何在数据传输过程中有效地节省能源成为提升网络性能的关键。本文提出一种基一丁博弈论的节能信标控制策略 GTEEB（A Game-Theoretic Energy-Efficient Beaconing Strategy）。该策略构建基于节点收益的博弈模型并利用纳什均衡理论动态调整节点的信标频率，推导出节点选择信标频率的能耗阈值，平衡节点在高、低频信标下的能量消耗与通信机会。同时引入节点自主决策机制使节点能够依据周围环境状态自适应地调节信标频率，实现不同信标频率下的能量消耗与通信概率之间的平衡，有效降低整体网络能耗。仿真实验结果表明，与 ST-Prophet、EASE 和 TLEE 等节能方案相比，GTEEB 策略能够在保证网络连通性和数据传输质量的同时降低能耗，延长网络平均寿命。

Abstract

In opportunistic networks，due to the limited available energy of most terminal devices，how to effectively conserve energy during data transmission has become key to enhancing network performance.This paper proposes an energy-efficient beaconing strate- gy based on game theory，named GTEEB（ A Game-Theoretic Energy-Efficient Beaconing Strategy ）.The strategy constructs a game model based on node benefits and dynamically adjusts the beacon frequency of nodes using Nash equilibrium theory，deducing an ener- gy consumption threshold for node beacon frequency selection.This balances the energy consumption and communication opportunities of nodes under high and low beacon frequencies.It also introduces a node autonomous decision-making mechanism，enabling nodes to adaptively adjust their beacon frequency according to the surrounding environmental state.This achieves a balance between energy con- sumption and communication probability at different beacon frequencies，thereby effectively reducing overall network energy consump- tion.Simulation results show that compared with energy-saving schemes such as ST-Prophet，EASE，and TLEE，the GTEEB strategy can significantly reduce energy consumption and extend the average network lifetime while ensuring network connectivity and data transmission quality.

关键词

机会网络 / 博弈论 / 信标控制 / 节能路由

Key words

opportunistic networks / game theory / beacon control / energy-efficient routing

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基金资助

国家白然科学基金面上项目(62272189)

国家白然科学基金面上项目(62372206)