地铁车辆段咽喉区上盖建筑全传递路径振动传播规律研究

Study on the vibration propagation law of over-track buildings at the throat area of metro depots through full transmission paths

摘要

咽喉区车致振动传播规律复杂，其频率成分和振级大小均有别于正线列车。为研究地铁列车进出车辆段咽喉区对上盖建筑振动的影响，以杭州某车辆段为研究对象，选取咽喉区某幼儿园开展振动现场测试，并建立精细化轨道-道床-土体-上盖建筑耦合振动数值模型，提出一种振动仿真分析方法。从时域和频域角度对测试数据进行分析，揭示了振动经轨道-道床-平台底柱-上盖建筑的传播规律，分析了不同规范下结构振动水平差异。研究结果表明，柱子加速度时程峰值经车库底层至1层、1层至2层以及2层至3层平均衰减分别为235、2.5、-3.0 mm/s²；楼板加速度时程峰值经1层至2层以及2层至3层平均衰减分别为1.8、8.5 mm/s²。随楼层增加，楼板和结构柱呈高频振动分量逐渐衰减，低频振动分量局部位点放大的现象。幼儿园1层和2层楼板出现不同程度的Z振级、分频最大振级和速度级超标现象。当列车运行速度分别小于12、11 km/h时，楼板Z振级和分频最大振级均分别满足昼间和夜间限值。控制地铁运行速度可有效降低其运行所致振动。

Abstract

The propagation of metro-induced vibrations in the throat area of the metro depot is complex, with frequency components and vibration levels differing from those observed on main lines. To investigate the impact of metro transportation on the vibration of the superstructure, this paper focuses on a metro depot in Hangzhou, and uses a kindergarten in the throat area as the test subject. A refined coupling numerical model of the track-track bed-soil-superstructure is established, and a vibration simulation method is proposed. By analyzing the test results in both the time and frequency domains, the propagation and attenuation characteristics of vibration through the track-track bed-column-superstructure are revealed. Additionally, structural vibration levels under various criteria are analyzed. The average attenuation of peak acceleration in the columns from the garage bottom to the first floor, from the first floor to the second floor, and from the second floor to the third floor is 235, 2.5, -3.0 mm/s ², respectively. The average attenuation of peak acceleration in the floor slabs from the first floor to the second floor and from the second floor to the third floor is 1.8, 8.5 mm/s ², respectively. With increasing building height, high-frequency vibration components in the floor slabs and columns gradually attenuate, while low-frequency vibration components are locally amplified. The Z-vibration level, maximum frequency division vibration level, and velocity level on the first and second floors of the kindergarten exceed the established limits. When the metro speed is below 12 km/h and 11 km/h, respectively, the Z-vibration level and the maximum frequency division level of the floor slab comply with the daytime and nighttime limits. Therefore, controlling metro speed can effectively reduce the impact of vibrations.

关键词

振动测试 / 地铁车辆段 / 咽喉区 / 上盖建筑 / 传播规律

Key words

vibration testing / metro depot / throat area / over-track building / transmission law

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基金资助

中国机械工业集团有限公司青年科技基金项目(QNJJ-PY-2024-10)

浙江省住建厅建设科研项目(2024K381)