新型竖向压力测控叠层橡胶支座与性能试验研究

Design and experimental study on the new laminated rubber bearing with vertical pressure measurement and adjustment-control

摘要

针对叠层橡胶支座因结构施工控制不当，不均匀沉降等导致竖向压力不均而影响隔震性能的问题，研发了一种基于竖向压力监测与调控的新型叠层橡胶支座。介绍了其结构构造与测控原理，通过试制样品，对支座的力学性能、监测性能与调控性能进行了试验研究。结果表明，相比于常规叠层橡胶支座，增设压力监测与调控装置后的新型叠层橡胶支座的竖向压缩刚度与水平等效刚度均有不超过5%的降低；压力相关性试验表明，支座的水平等效刚度随支座面压的增大而逐渐减小，随剪应变的增大而降低，拟合的水平刚度与竖向面压的计算公式具有实用性；在不同面压、不同剪应变下，支座竖向压力监测示值误差均小于全量程的2%，重复性误差均小于全量程的1%；具备高度双向调控能力，调节行程与两中座板水平间距及中座板上斜面坡度直接相关。本研究可为有支座竖向压力监测与调控需求的工程提供参考。

Abstract

To address the issue of uneven vertical pressure distribution in laminated rubber bearings caused by inadequate construction control and uneven settlement that adversely affects their seismic isolation performance, a new laminated rubber bearing with vertical pressure measurement and adjustment-control was developed. The structural configuration and principle was introduced, followed by the experimental study conducted to evaluate the mechanical properties, measurement performance and adjustment-control performance of the bearing by manufacturing samples. The results show that the new bearing exhibited a reduction not exceeding 5% in both vertical compression stiffness and horizontal equivalent stiffness compared to conventional laminated rubber bearings. Pressure-dependency results show that the horizontal equivalent stiffness decreases progressively with increasing of pressure and shear strain, a fitted empirical formula relating horizontal stiffness to vertical pressure proves applicable for practical engineering. Under varying pressure levels and shear strains, the bearing achieved a vertical pressure measurement error of less than 2% of the full scale and a repeatability error below 1% of the full scale. The bearing has the ability of height bidirectional adjustment-control, and the adjustment range is directly correlated to the horizontal spacing between intermediate plates and the inclination angle of their tapered surfaces. This study can provide a reference for engineering projects that require vertical pressure measurement and adjustment-control.

关键词

叠层橡胶支座 / 力学性能 / 压力相关性 / 压力监测 / 调控

Key words

laminated rubber bearing / mechanical properties / pressure-dependency / pressure monitoring / adjustment-control

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(51178429)