屈曲约束支撑地震易损性研究

Study of seismic fragility of buckling-restrained braces

摘要

现阶段针对金属阻尼器易损性的系统研究仍处于空白阶段，为完善其抗震设计与性能评估体系，本文以广泛应用的屈曲约束支撑(buckling-restrained brace，BRB)为代表，通过收集、整理国内公开发表的19篇文献所述109个常规单屈服点屈曲约束支撑的测试数据，建立了其力学性能试验数据库并完成数据预处理，识别出疲劳断裂、局部屈曲、整体失稳3种主要的失效模式；通过约束比、N-M这2个无量纲参数对样本失效模式进行分类，基于支持向量机(support vector machine，SVM)方法确定其参数阈值。结果表明，当约束比大于2.27且N-M小于1.53时，屈曲约束支撑可避免失稳破坏；构建了屈曲约束支撑疲劳断裂破坏数据库并拟合Manson-Coffin疲劳模型，结合Miner准则量化屈曲约束支撑损伤状态；同时通过计算样本在不同损伤状态下的累积塑性变形，将其作为工程需求参数建立屈曲约束支撑在发生疲劳断裂破坏下的易损性模型。

Abstract

Systematic studies on the seismic fragility of metallic dampers remain limited. In this study, the widely used buckling-restrained brace (BRB) is adopted as a representative metallic damper. Test data for 109 conventional single-yield-point BRB specimens are compiled from 19 domestic publications to establish a mechanical performance database. Three primary failure modes are identified: low-cycle fatigue fracture, local buckling, and global instability. The failure modes are classified using two dimensionless parameters, the confinement ratio and the N-M interaction parameter, and support vector machine (SVM) analysis indicates that instability can be effectively avoided when the confinement ratio exceeds 2.27 and the N-M parameter is less than 1.53. A fatigue-fracture database is then constructed, the Manson-Coffin fatigue model is calibrated, and BRB damage states are quantified in combination with Miner’s rule. Using cumulative plastic deformation at different damage states as the engineering demand parameter, a fragility model is finally developed for BRBs governed by tensile low-cycle fatigue fracture.

关键词

屈曲约束支撑 / 地震易损性 / 失效模式 / 疲劳模型 / 损伤指数

Key words

buckling-restrained braces / seismic fragility / failure mode / fatigue model / damage index

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基金资助

中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项项目(2021B03)