细粒含量对黄泛区砂土液化特性影响研究

Effect of fines content on liquefaction characteristics of sands in the Yellow River flood plain

摘要

目前对黄泛区砂土液化问题的研究尚不充分，对其特殊性认识不足。本文选取黄泛区的代表性砂土，从细粒含量这一角度，通过动三轴试验并结合弯曲元测试，研究细粒含量对砂土剪切波速及抗液化强度的影响，初步探讨黄泛区砂土液化的特殊性，分析剪切波速判别法在黄泛区场地的适用性。结果表明，当细粒含量在0~30%范围时，随着细粒含量的增加，在同等有效围压条件下黄泛区砂土的剪切波速逐渐降低，在同等静、动应力条件下其抗液化强度也逐渐降低。当有效围压在50~150kPa范围时，围压对黄泛区砂土抗液化强度的提高程度，与其细粒含量大小密切相关。砂土细粒含量越高，其抗液化强度提高越不明显。当细粒含量达30%时，不同围压下砂土的抗液化强度基本一致。基于室内土单元试验得到的抗液化强度与剪切波速的相关性认识，在黄泛区场地进行液化判别，采用当前剪切波速法容易得到偏危险的结果，应做进一步研究。本文研究成果可为深入认识黄泛区液化问题，发展适用于黄泛区的液化分析方法，提供试验依据和理论参考。

Abstract

At present, the understandings of soil liquefaction in the Yellow River flood plain are not comprehensive and profound, especially for its distinctive characteristics. Here, by using the dynamic triaxial apparatus with the bender element, the representative sands in the Yellow River flood plain are used to investigate the effect of fines content on the characteristics of shear wave velocity (V _s) and liquefaction. Based on the soil element testing results, the particularity of its dynamic response for liquefaction is analyzed, and the applicability of V _s-based evaluation procedure at the liquefiable site in the Yellow River flood plain is also preliminarily discussed. The main conclusions are as follows. When the range of fines content is less than 30%, with the increase of the fine content, the shear wave velocity of sand in the Yellow River flood plain gradually decreases under the same effective confining pressure, and the liquefaction resistance strength also decreases for the saturated sands under the same static and dynamic stress conditions. When the value of effective confining pressure is in the range of 50~150 kPa, the increase degree of liquefaction resistance strength induced by confining pressure for sands in the Yellow River flood plain is closely related to its fines content. The higher fines content of sands induces the less degree of its strength increase. When the fines content of sands reaches 30%, its liquefaction resistance strength under different confining pressure is almost the same. Based on the correlation between liquefaction resistance strength and V _s from the element tests, an unsafe result may be obtained at the liquefiable site in the Yellow River flood plain via the current V _s-based evaluation procedure, which should be improved in advance. The results in this paper can provide further understandings of liquefaction in the Yellow River flood plain, which can provide clues for recognizing and developing more suitable analysis procedures of liquefaction in this area.

关键词

砂土液化 / 黄泛区 / 细粒含量 / 剪切波速

Key words

soil liquefaction / Yellow River flood plain / fines content / shear wave velocity

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基金资助

国家重点研发计划课题项目(2023YFB2604004)

山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020QE276)