公园空间公正差异对空间活力的影响

The impact of park spatial justice disparities on spatial vitality

摘要

【目的】旨在厘清空间公正对空间活力的影响，以期为优化公园建设与资源配置提供科学依据，并为相关研究与实践提供新视角。【方法】以沈阳市三环路内 79 个公园为研究对象，通过多维测度技术提取公园空间活力及公正特征，使用双变量局部自相关检验空间公正与空间活力相关性，利用地理探测器与地理加权回归提取显著因子并分析相关因子对空间活力的影响以及因子间的交互作用。【结果】（1）公园空间公正属性与活力显著正相关，其相关性因公园的地理位置差异而分异；（2）公园内场地类型多样（A1）、公园各类标识系统清晰可辨（B1）等 10 项因子对空间活力影响显著，整体上呈正向作用，但这些因子对空间活力的影响是非线性的；（3）公园活力受多因子交互影响而非单因子独立作用，B1 的交互性最为显著。承认正义维度中的任意因子与 A1 或 B1 交互作用时，交互贡献率均高于 50%；（4）活动场所有限时，公园场地多样性对空间活力的影响突出。【结论】研究基于沈阳市主城区 79 个公园，量化了空间公正对空间活力的影响，揭示了其间的作用机制，为沈阳市主城区公园设计优化提供了全新视角。

Abstract

[Objective] To clarify the impact of spatial justice on spatial vitality, so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing park construction and resource allocation, and offer new perspectives for related research and practice. [Method] This study selected 79 parks within the Third Ring Road of Shenyang as research subjects. Multi-dimensional measurement techniques were employed to extract park spatial vitality and justice characteristics. Bivariate local autocorrelation tests were used to examine the correlation between spatial justice and spatial vitality. Geographic detectors and geographically weighted regression were utilized to identify significant influencing factors and analyze their impact on spatial vitality, as well as the interactions among these factors. [Result] (1) Park spatial justice attributes were significantly positively correlated with vitality, with the correlation varying based on the geographical location of the parks. (2) Ten factors, including A1 (diversity of site types within the park) and B1 (clarity and legibility of park signage systems), had a significant impact on spatial vitality, generally showing a positive effect, though the impact on spatial vitality was nonlinear. (3) Park vitality was influenced by the interaction of multiple factors rather than the independent action of a single factor, with the interaction effect of B1 being the most significant. When any factor within the dimension of recognition justice interacted with either A1 or B1, the interactive contribution rate consistently exceeded 50%. (4) When activity venues were limited, site diversity had a prominent impact on spatial vitality. [Conclusion] Based on the study of 79 parks in the main urban area of Shenyang, this study quantified the impact of spatial justice on spatial vitality and revealed the underlying mechanisms, providing a new perspective for optimizing park design in the main urban area of Shenyang.

关键词

空间公正 / 空间活力 / 公园 / 沈阳

Key words

spatial justice / spatial vitality / park / Shenyang

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基金资助

辽宁省社会科学界联合会资助项目(2025lslybwzzkt-160)