基于SPEI的多尺度法分析干旱气候对黄河流域内蒙古段植被覆盖的影响
宋静 , 荀学义 , 梅佳慧 , 沈映月 , 牛佳牧 , 张敏
内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (05) : 463 -475.
基于SPEI的多尺度法分析干旱气候对黄河流域内蒙古段植被覆盖的影响
Impact of Arid Climate Change on the Vegetation Coverage Based on Multiple Analysis of SPEI over the Inner Mongolia Section of the Yellow River Basin
黄河流域内蒙古段位于中纬度生态脆弱区,植被覆盖对气候变化异常敏感。因此,开展多尺度气候变化影响流域植被覆盖的研究对维护生态平衡、促进可持续发展具有重要意义。基于黄河流域内蒙古段气象观测站温度和降水量数据,结合SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI卫星遥感资料,计算标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)和归一化植被指数(NDVI),采用线性回归分析和相关分析等方法,多尺度分析流域干旱气候变化规律与植被覆盖演变趋势,探讨子流域SPEI与NDVI的同期相关关系和滞后相关性。研究表明:流域SPEI总体呈微弱上升趋势,干旱化趋势减弱,SPEI波动振幅和趋势线斜率均自东南向西北递减,且时间尺度越大,显著上升区范围越大;冬季、夏季和秋季SPEI呈上升趋势,干旱化趋势逐渐缓解,春季SPEI呈下降趋势;黄河流域内蒙古段年均NDVI呈微弱波动上升趋势,子流域年均NDVI变化规律与之基本一致,其中下游区上升趋势最快,上游区最慢;黄河流域内蒙古段SPEI与NDVI整体呈正相关,且相关性滞后特征明显,其中,上游区滞后两年相关系数达到最大,其他子流域则在次年达到极值。
The Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin lies in an ecologically fragile mid-latitude area, where vegetation cover is extremely sensitive to climate change.Therefore, it is crucial to investigate how climate change at multiple scales influences vegetation cover in the basin, so as to maintain ecological balance and promote sustainable development.Using temperature and precipitation data from meteorological observation stations in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin, together with SPOT/VEGETATION NDVI satellite remote sensing data, we calculated the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI).Linear regression and correlation analysis were then employed to examine the temporal dynamics of arid climate and the multi-scale evolutionary trends of vegetation cover, as well as to investigate the correlations and lag effects between SPEI and NDVI at the sub-basin scale.The results indicate that SPEI values in the basin exhibit a weak upward trend, suggesting that the aridification tendency is diminishing.Both the amplitude of SPEI fluctuations and the slope of the trend line decrease from the southeast to the northwest, and the larger the time scale, the wider the area showing a significant upward trend.Seasonal analyses reveal that SPEI values increase in winter, summer, and autumn—indicating a gradual alleviation of aridification—whereas spring values decrease, implying an intensification of aridification.The annual mean NDVI of the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin also shows a weak but fluctuating upward trend, consistent across sub-basins, with the most rapid increase in downstream areas, followed by midstream areas, and the slowest in upstream areas.Overall, the positive correlation between SPEI and NDVI in this region demonstrates a weak but fluctuating upward trend, with sub-basin NDVI dynamics largely consistent with the basin-wide pattern.There is a positive correlation between SPEI and NDVI, which exhibits pronounced lag characteristics.In the upstream region, the correlation coefficient reaches its maximum value after a two-year lag, whereas in other sub-basins, this occurs the following year.
黄河流域内蒙古段 / 多时间尺度 / 标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI) / 归一化植被指数(NDVI)
Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River Basin / multiple time scale / standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) / normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
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创建鄂尔多斯国家可持续发展议程创新示范区项目(2022EEDSKJXM005)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2025MS04014)
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(2022ZY0168)
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