内蒙古乌梁素海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构分布特征
王铭琪 , 谢洪亮 , 吴铁铮 , 王永满 , 赵佳林 , 李俊依 , 吕航 , 武琳慧
内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (05) : 476 -484.
内蒙古乌梁素海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌群落结构分布特征
Distribution Characteristics of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Bacterial Community Structure in Sediments of Ulansuhai Lake, Inner Mongolia
淡水湖泊沉积物中脱氮过程传统上主要关注反硝化、好氧氨氧化等途径,而近年来研究发现厌氧氨氧化过程是湖泊氮素移除的重要途径。为进一步揭示湖泊沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌群落的分布特征及其环境驱动机制,以寒旱区典型湖泊乌梁素海为研究对象,探究沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌群落的生态分布特征。选取研究区不同功能区污染程度差异显著的7个采样点的沉积物样品,对其理化指标进行测定,采用巢式PCR方法扩增厌氧氨氧化菌16S rRNA基因片段,并构建克隆文库。结果表明乌梁素海沉积物中厌氧氨氧化菌主要由三个属组成:与不可纯培养的厌氧氨氧化菌同源性很高的Cluster Ⅰ(占61.39%)、Jettenia属(占15.83%)以及Brocadia属(占22.78%)。空间分布上呈明显空间异质性,湖区总排干入水口的优势属为Cluster Ⅰ及Brocadia属,湖区中部的优势属为Cluster Ⅰ,湖区退水口优势属为Cluster Ⅰ、Jettenia属和Brocadia属。相关性分析进一步揭示出乌梁素海沉积物中TOC和NO2--N浓度是影响厌氧氨氧化菌群落分布的主要驱动因子。本文揭示了厌氧氨氧化菌在乌梁素海沉积物中的广泛分布,明确了其群落组成及丰富度,为湖泊氮污染治理及生态修复提供了理论支撑。
Traditionally, research on nitrogen removal processes in freshwater lake sediments has primarily focused on denitrification and aerobic ammonia oxidation pathways.However, recent studies have identified anaerobic ammonium oxidation as a significant mechanism for nitrogen removal in lacustrine ecosystems.To further elucidate the distribution patterns of anammox bacterial communities in lake sediments and their environmental driving mechanisms, this study investigates the ecological characteristics of these communities.Sediment samples were collected from seven representative sampling sites with distinct pollution levels across different functional zones of the study area.After analyzing physicochemical parameters, we amplified anammox bacterial 16S rRNA gene fragments using nested PCR and constructed clone libraries.Results demonstrate that the anammox bacterial community in Ulansuhai Lake sediments primarily comprises three taxa: Cluster I (61.39%), exhibiting high homology with uncultured anammox bacteria; Jettenia (15.83%); and Brocadia (22.78%).Spatial distribution analysis revealed significant heterogeneity: Cluster I and Brocadia dominated the inflow area of the main drainage channel, Cluster I prevailed in the central lake region, while Cluster I, Jettenia, and Brocadia coexisted as dominant taxa in the outflow area.Correlation analysis further identified sediment TOC and NO2--N concentrations as key environmental drivers shaping anammox bacterial community distribution.This study delineates the widespread occurrence of anammox bacteria in Ulansuhai Lake sediments, clarifies their community composition and abundance patterns within the lacustrine ecosystem, and provides theoretical foundations for nitrogen pollution control and ecological restoration in lake environments.
乌梁素海 / 沉积物 / 厌氧氨氧化菌 / 环境因子 / 群落结构 / 多样性
Ulansuhai Lake / sediment / anammox bacteria / environmental factor / community structure / bacterial diversity
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内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2024MS03027)
国家自然科学基金项目(42067037)
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