Modern industry has set higher requirements for the accuracy and cost of non-destructive testing of objects.However, traditional detection methods all have certain limitations.The near-field synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging technology in microwave imaging, due to its advantages such as non-contact and high resolution, has become a research hotspot in non-destructive testing.Thanks to the rise of autonomous driving, vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radars, with their lower costs, have gradually been applied to near-field SAR imaging for non-destructive testing.However, most existing methods focus on two-dimensional imaging and are somewhat insufficient for the three-dimensional reconstruction of targets.To address the issue, an indirect three-dimensional imaging method based on the approximate small-squint range-doppler algorithm (RDA) is used.By deriving the approximate range model under the planar scanning array, the distance-decoupling characteristic is utilized to perform two-dimensional focusing along each distance, and finally, the two-dimensional results are stacked to obtain the three-dimensional scattering intensity distribution of the target.To verify the ability of this method to characterize the shape and defects of objects, experiments are conducted on plastic-handled, metal scissors and a metal bracket with a 42 mm×4.5 mm top hole.The results show that the three-dimensional reconstruction can well restore the overall geometric contour of the scissors and the bracket.Further, the three-dimensional scattering intensity distribution of the bracket is analyzed in cross-sections, and the hole size of the bracket is measured to be approximately 41 mm×4 mm, with length and width errors of 1 mm and 0.5 mm respectively.The experiments prove that the method can reflect the spatial position and size characteristics of defects, and has certain application feasibility in low-cost industrial non-destructive testing.
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