棒晶束解离凹凸棒石对肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态和消化功能的影响

Effects of crystal-bundle disaggregated palygorskite on growth performance, intestinal morphology and digestive function of broilers

摘要

[目的]本试验旨在研究棒晶束解离凹凸棒石对肉鸡生长性能、肠道形态和消化功能的影响。[方法]将 320 只体重相近、健康雄性 1 日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉雏鸡随机分为 5 组,每组 8 个重复,每个重复 8 只,分别饲喂基础饲粮、基础饲粮中添加 1%常规凹凸棒石(C-Pal)以及分别添加 0.25%、0.5%和 1%棒晶束解离凹凸棒石(CD-Pal)的试验饲粮,试验期 42d。在 21 日龄和 42 日龄时每个重复选取 1 只接近平均体重的肉鸡屠宰取样。[结果]与对照组相比,添加 0.5%CD-Pal 显著降低肉鸡 22~42 日龄和 1~42 日龄的料重比(P<0.05);0.5%和 1%CD-Pal 显著提高 40~42 日龄肉鸡饲粮中干物质和有机物的表观利用率(P<0.05)。与对照组和 C-Pal 组相比,添加 0.5%CD-Pal 显著提高 21 日龄肉鸡空肠和回肠绒毛高度、回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比以及 42 日龄肉鸡回肠绒毛高度(P<0.05),1%CD-Pal 显著提高 21 日龄肉鸡回肠绒毛高度以及十二指肠和回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度比(P<0.05);添加 0.5%CD-Pal 显著提高 21 日龄肉鸡空肠食糜淀粉酶活性(P<0.05),1%CD-Pal 显著提高 21 日龄肉鸡空肠黏膜麦芽糖酶活性(P<0.05)。与对照组或 C-Pal 组相比,添加 1%CD-Pal 显著提高 42 日龄肉鸡空肠黏膜中 CAT1 和 GLUT2mRNA 表达水平(P<0.05),0.5%CD-Pal 显著提高 42 日龄肉鸡空肠黏膜 B⁰AT mRNA 表达水平(P<0.05)。[结论]日粮中添加棒晶束解离凹凸棒石能够改善肠道形态,提高消化酶活性以及肠道营养物质转运载体相关基因表达水平,进而提高肉鸡对营养物质的利用率,提高肉鸡生长性能;以添加 0.5%的棒晶束解离凹凸棒石为佳。

Abstract

[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of crystal-bundle disaggregated palygorskite on growth performance, intestinal morphology and digestive function of broilers. [Methods]A total of 320 one-day old male Arbor Acres (AA) broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 8 chickens per pen. Chicks in the 5 treatments were given a basal diet (control group), and the basal diet supplemented with 1% conventional palygorskite (C-Pal) and crystal-bundle disaggregated palygorskite (CD-Pal) at levels of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% for 42 days, respectively. At 21 and 42 days of age, one broiler with close to average body weight was selected and slaughtered for sampling in each replicate. [Results]Compared with the control group, the supplementation of 0.5% CD-Pal could significantly decrease the feed to gain ratio of broilers from 22 to 42 days and 1 to 42 days (P<0.05). The supplementation of 0.5% and 1% CD-Pal significantly increased apparent utilization of dry matter and organic matter of broilers during 40 to 42 days when compared with the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group and C-Pal group, dietary supplementation with 0.5% CD-Pal significantly increased villus height in jejunum and ileum and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in ileum of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05); and it also significantly increased villus height in the ileum of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.05); 1% CD-Pal could significantly increase villus height in the ileum of broilers at 21 days of age and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum and ileum of broilers at 42 days of age (P< 0.05). 0.5% CD-Pal significantly increased amylase activities in jejunal chyme of broilers at 21 days of age and 1% CD-Pal could significantly increase sucrase activities of jejunum mucosa of broilers at 21 days of age (P<0.05). Compared with the control group or C-Pal group, 1% CD-Pal could significantly increase mRNA expression levels of CAT1 and GLUT2 in jejunal mucosa of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.05); 0.5% CD-Pal could significantly increase mRNA expression levels of B⁰AT in jejunal mucosa of broilers at 42 days of age (P<0.05). [Conclusions] Dietary crystal-bundle disaggregated palygorskite supplementation could improve intestinal morphology, increase the activity of digestive enzymes and the expression of genes related to intestinal nutrient transporters, thereby improving the utilization of nutrients and improving the production performance of broilers. In addition, dietary supplementation with 0.5% crystal-bundle disaggregated palygorskite was the best.

关键词

棒晶束解离 / 凹凸棒石 / 肉鸡 / 生长性能 / 肠道形态 / 消化功能

Key words

disaggregation of crystal-bundles / palygorskite / broiler / growth performance / intestinal morphology / digestive function

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基金资助

淮安市重点研发计划(产研院专项)项目(HACYY202503)