大豆兼抗斜纹夜蛾和草地贪夜蛾的资源筛选

Screening of cultivated soybean resources with dual resistance to common cutworm and fall armyworm

摘要

[目的]本文旨在评价栽培大豆群体材料的抗虫稳定性，筛选兼抗斜纹夜蛾和草地贪夜蛾的大豆资源。[方法]通过分析2008、2009、2013和2014年4年180份栽培大豆材料对斜纹夜蛾的抗性结果，筛选出对斜纹夜蛾表现为高抗和高感的极端材料，通过室内强迫喂养试验评价这些材料对草地贪夜蛾的抗性。[结果]各年份之间大豆对斜纹夜蛾的抗性均呈极显著正相关，综合4年抗性鉴定结果筛选出12和18份分别对斜纹夜蛾表现为高抗和高感的大豆材料。进一步评价了其中8份材料对草地贪夜蛾的抗性，其中‘龙岩秋乌豆’和‘椿黑豆’喂养的草地贪夜蛾幼虫较小，体重较轻，为兼抗2种害虫的材料；‘南农89-29’喂养的草地贪夜蛾幼虫最大，体重最重，为2种害虫的感性材料。[结论]大豆对斜纹夜蛾的抗性水平保持相对稳定；获得2份兼抗斜纹夜蛾和草地贪夜蛾的材料以及1份对2种害虫均表现为感性的材料。本研究为大豆抗虫遗传育种提供了新的种质资源。

Abstract

[Objectives] The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the insect resistance stability of cultivated soybean population materials, and to screen soybean resources that were resistant to common cutworm (CCW) and fall armyworm (FAW). [Methods] By analyzing the insect resistance results of 180 cultivated soybean materials to CCW in 2008, 2009, 2013 and 2014, materials with high resistance or susceptibility to CCW were screened out and then were used to further evaluate the resistance to FAW by forced feeding test. [Results] The soybean resistance to CCW showed a significant positive correlation among four years. Based on the results of four years, 12 and 18 soybean materials were uncovered with high resistance and high susceptibility to CCW, respectively. Eight of these materials were further used to evaluate the resistance to FAW. The FAW larvae fed on ‘Longyanqiuwudou’ and ‘Chunheidou’ were smaller and lighter, while those fed on ‘Nannong89-29’ were the largest and the heaviest. It suggested that ‘Longyanqiuwudou’ and ‘Chunheidou’ were resistant to CCW and FAW, but ‘Nannong89-29’ was susceptible to the two pests. [Conclusions] The resistance of soybean to CCW remained relatively stable. Two CCW and FAW-resistance materials and one CCW and FAW-susceptibility material were obtained. The study provided new germplasm resources for insect-resistant breeding of soybean.

关键词

大豆 / 抗虫 / 斜纹夜蛾 / 草地贪夜蛾 / 种质资源

Key words

soybean / insect resistance / common cutworm / fall armyworm / germplasm resource

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基金资助

生物育种钟山实验室基金项目(ZSBBL-KY2023-03)

江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(22)3088)