发酵饲料对育肥猪生产性能的影响及其应用研究进展

Research progress on the effects of fermented feed on the production performance of fattening pigs and its application

摘要

育肥猪养殖是我国畜牧产业的核心支柱，其生产效率与可持续发展水平直接影响猪肉供给安全与产业经济效益。传统饲料体系普遍存在资源短缺、利用率低、育肥猪肠道健康受损等诸多瓶颈，而发酵饲料凭借其独特的营养优势与功能特性，已成为突破上述瓶颈、提升养殖综合效益的关键技术路径。本文系统综述了发酵饲料的定义、类型及制备工艺，深入分析其对育肥猪生长性能、营养物质消化吸收、肠道健康与免疫功能及肉品质与风味的调控机制，并探讨了发酵饲料在育肥猪养殖中的应用现状及产业推广过程中存在的制约因素。未来需进一步明确发酵饲料的作用机制、研发智能化发酵工艺、构建产品质量标准，为推动发酵饲料在育肥猪绿色高效养殖中的规模化和标准化应用提供支撑。

Abstract

Fattening pig breeding is a core pillar of China's livestock industry, and its production efficiency and sustainable development level are directly related to the safety of pork supply and the economic benefits of the industry. Traditional feed systems generally have many bottlenecks such as resource shortages, low utilization rates, and damage to the intestinal health of fattening pigs. Fermented feed, with its unique nutritional advantages and functional characteristics, has become a key technical path to break through these bottlenecks and improve the comprehensive benefits of breeding. This article systematically reviews the definition, types, and preparation processes of fermented feed. It also deeply analyzes its regulatory mechanisms of fermented feed on the growth performance, digestion and absorption of nutrients, intestinal health and immune function, and meat quality and flavour of fattening pigs. Furthermore, it discusses the application status of fermented feed in fattening pig breeding and the restrictive factors in the process of industrial promotion. In the future, it is necessary to further clarify the mechanism of action of fermented feed, develop intelligent fermentation processes, and establish product quality standards to provide support for promoting the large-scale and standardized application of fermented feed in the green and efficient fattening pig breeding.

关键词

发酵饲料 / 育肥猪 / 生产性能 / 作用机制

Key words

fermentation feed / fattening pigs / production performance / mechanism of action

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基金资助

浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2025ZDXT14)

浙江省“三农九方”科技协作项目(2025SNJF081 和 2024SNJF041)

洛阳市核心技术攻关类公益专项(2202036A)