采煤塌陷区生态修复湿地浮游植物群落特征及水质评价---以潘安湖湿地为例

Characteristics of phytoplankton community and water quality evaluation in ecological restoration wetlands of coal mining subsidence areas: a case study of Pan'an Lake wetland

摘要

浮游植物是湿地生态系统中最重要的初级生产者,为揭示潘安湖湿地浮游植物群落分布特征及评价潘安湖湿地的水质状况,于2023年1、4、7、10月对徐州市潘安湖湿地(人工修复的采煤塌陷湿地)进行调查研究.结果表明,潘安湖湿地浮游植物共检出6门82种,优势种为蓝藻门的尖头席藻( Phormidium acutissimum)和大螺旋藻( Spirulina major).冗余分析(RDA)结果显示,电导率、水温、总氮和总磷对浮游植物总生物量的影响较大,其中水温、溶解氧、总氮、总磷主导了尖头席藻的分布.浮游植物多样性指数(H'=1.90)、均匀度指数(J=0.75)及丰富度指数(D=2.67)表明群落结构较稳定,水质综合评价显示潘安湖处于轻度至中度污染状态.研究揭示了采煤塌陷修复湿地的浮游植物生态特征,为人工湖泊的水质管理和生态修复效果评估提供科学依据.

Abstract

Phytoplankton are the most important primary producers in wetland ecosystems. In order to reveal the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of phytoplankton communities in Pan'an Lake wetland and evaluate the water quality of Pan'an Lake wetland, this study investigated the Pan'an Lake wetland (artificially restored coal mining subsidence wetland) in Xuzhou City in January, April, July, and October 2023. The results showed that a total of 6 phyla and 82 species of phytoplankton were detected in the Pan'an Lake wetland. The dominant species of phytoplankton were Phormidium acutissimum and Spirina major of the Cyanobacteria phylum. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) analysis results show that conductivity and water temperature are the main controlling factors driving changes in the total biomass of phytoplankton, while the distribution of cyanobacteria is mainly regulated by water temperature, dissolved oxygen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. The diversity index (H'=1.90), evenness index (J=0.75), and richness index (D=2.67) of phytoplankton indicate that the community structure is relatively stable, and the comprehensive evaluation of water quality shows that Pan'an Lake is in a state of mild to moderate pollution. This study reveals the ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in wetlands restored by coal mining subsidence, which can provide scientific basis for water quality management and ecological restoration effect evaluation of artificial lakes.

关键词

潘安湖湿地 / 浮游植物群落结构 / 生物多样性分析 / 水质评价

Key words

Pan'an Lake wetland / phytoplankton community structure / biodiversity analysis / water quality assessment

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基金资助

国家自然科学基金(31600345)

徐州市推动科技创新专项资金资助项目(KC22344)