工作记忆更新任务对功能性踝关节不稳者关节协调能力的影响

The effects of working memory updating tasks on joint coordination ability in individuals with functional ankle instability

摘要

[目的]探讨工作记忆更新任务联合落地任务(认知-运动双任务,CMDT)对单侧功能性踝关节不稳(FAI)者单腿落地时下肢关节间协调能力及下肢刚度(K_leg)的影响.[方法]单侧FAI者与健康者对照.计算髋-膝、膝-踝关节对相对相位的绝对平均值(M)与偏差相位(D)以量化协调特征,并计算K_leg评估整体动力学策略.采用2(任务)×2(组别)混合方差分析进行统计比较.[结果]1)在CMDT下的髋-膝指标,FAI组比无认知任务落地的D更大(p=0.007),在无认知任务落地状态下FAI组比对照组的D小(p=0.004);2)各状态下,FAI组的M都小于对照组(p=0.008);3)FAI组的膝-踝指标M(p=0.006)与D(p=0.032)均低于对照组;4)未观察到K_leg指标的统计学差异(p>0.05).[结论]CMDT会损害FAI者近端(髋-膝)关节的协调稳定性,远端(膝-踝)协调则表现为结构性僵化且对认知负荷不敏感.FAI者可能通过异常代偿维持宏观力学稳定,但这以牺牲局部协调效率为代价,增加了神经控制负荷与潜在损伤风险,凸显了评估与康复中引入认知负荷的重要性.

Abstract

[Objective] To investigate the effects of a working memory updating task combined with a landing task (cognitive-motor dual-task, CMDT) on lower limb inter-joint coordination capabilities and leg stiffness (K _leg) during single-leg landing in individuals with unilateral functional ankle instability (FAI). [Methods] The Mean Absolute Relative Phase (M) and Deviation Phase (D) of the hip-knee and knee-ankle joint pairs were calculated to quantify coordination characteristics, and K _leg was calculated to assess the overall kinetic strategy. A 2 (task) × 2 (group) mixed measures ANOVA was used for statistical comparison. [Results] Under the CMDT condition, hip-knee D of the FAI group was greater in Single-task Landing (p=0.007). The hip-knee M of the FAI group was lower than the control group (p=0.008). Similarly, both the knee-ankle M and knee-ankle D in the FAI group were lower than those of the control group (p=0.006, p=0.032). No statistical differences were observed in K _leg indices (p>0.05). [Conclusion] CMDT impairs the coordination stability of proximal joints in individuals with FAI, while distal coordination exhibits structural rigidity. Individuals with FAI may maintain macroscopic stability through abnormal compensatory strategies, sacrificing local coordination efficiency and increasing neural load and injury risk.

关键词

功能性踝关节不稳 / 认知-运动双任务 / 关节协调 / 落地生物力学 / 工作记忆

Key words

functional ankle instability / cognitive-motor dual-task / joint coordination / landing biomechanics / working memory

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基金资助

国家社会科学基金(23BTY120)