大学生体育锻炼与负性生活事件对生活满意度的影响---基于消极情绪为中介的结构方程模型分析

The effects of physical exercise and negative life events on life satisfaction among college students: Analysis of structural equation modeling based on negative emotions as a mediator

摘要

[目的]探讨大学生体育锻炼和负性生活事件与生活满意度的关联,考察消极情绪在体育锻炼和负性生活事件与生活满意度间的中介作用.[方法]采用体育活动等级量表等对湖北省3所高校大学生进行调查,通过数据统计分析,构建结构方程模型,并通过Bootstrap进行中介效应检验.[结果]1)体育锻炼对消极情绪具有负向显著影响(β=-0.587,P<0.05),生活事件对消极情绪具有正向显著影响(β=0.784,P<0.05),消极情绪对生活满意度具有负向显著影响(β=-0.139,P<0.05);2)体育锻炼和负性生活事件均以消极情绪充当完全中介影响生活满意度,其路径为体育锻炼→消极情绪→生活满意度(β=-0.726,P=0.014)、负性生活事件→消极情绪→生活满意度(β=0.644,P=0.001).[结论]大学生体育锻炼和负性生活事件与生活满意度均不存在直接相关;消极情绪在其中充当完全中介变量.本文明确了“行为/事件-情绪-认知评价”影响链.

Abstract

[Objective] To investigate the association between college students' physical exercise and negative life events among them and their life satisfaction, and to examine the mediating role of negative emotions in the relationship between physical exercise and negative life events and life satisfaction. [Methods] A survey was conducted on students from 3 universities in Hubei Province. The Physical Activity Level Scale and other scales were used. Data analysis was performed. A structural equation model was constructed, and mediation effects were tested via Bootstrap. [Results] 1) Physical exercise had a significant negative effect on negative emotions (β=-0.587, P<0.05), negative life events had a significant positive effect on negative emotions (β=0.784, P<0.05), and negative emotions had a significant negative effect on life satisfaction (β=-0.139, P<0.05); 2) Both physical exercise and negative life events fully mediate the relationship with life satisfaction through negative emotions, with the pathways of physical exercise→negative emotions→life satisfaction (β=-0.726, P=0.014) and negative life events→negative emotions→life satisfaction (β=0.644, P=0.001). [Conclusion] There is no direct correlation between physical exercise and negative life events and life satisfaction among college students; negative emotions act as a complete mediator in these relationships. This study clarifies the "behavior/event-emotion-cognitive evaluation" influence chain.

关键词

大学生 / 体育锻炼 / 负性生活事件 / 消极情绪 / 生活满意度

Key words

college students / physical exercise / negative life events / negative emotions / life satisfaction

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基金资助

教育部人文社科基金规划项目(23YJA890049)