人类活动对木里冻土区水文环境影响的多元同位素示踪
邢剑伟 , 李小倩 , 周爱国 , 庞守吉 , 李鑫 , 余迎祥
地球科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (05) : 1891 -1906.
人类活动对木里冻土区水文环境影响的多元同位素示踪
Multi-Isotope Tracing of the Impact of Human Activities on the Hydrological Environment in the Muli Permafrost Region
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为查明人类活动对木里冻土区水文环境造成的影响,选取高寒冻土区人类活动最为显著的木里煤田聚乎更矿区,以区内大通河支流水系河水为研究对象,基于水化学组成空间特征,利用氢、氧、碳、氮、硫、锶等多元同位素开展示踪研究.研究表明:(1)冻结层上水是河水的主要补给来源,煤矿开采、天然气水合物钻探等人类活动破坏原有冻土结构,增加了冻结层上水对河水的贡献比例;(2)河水中主要溶解性营养物质(SO4 2-、NO3 -和DOC)浓度的增加源于人类活动的影响:硫氧同位素揭示了大规模的煤矿露天开采促进还原硫氧化,是导致冻结层上水和河水中SO4 2-升高的主要原因;氮氧同位素表明河水中高浓度的NO3 -来源于散养式放牧的牲畜粪便;DOC主要来源于高寒草甸植物降解产生的土壤有机质,人类活动影响下增加了DOC和DIC的输出,增强了源区河水中的微生物活动;(3)除H2CO3风化碳酸盐岩外,受人类活动煤矿开采影响下硫酸参与的碳酸盐岩和硅酸盐岩岩石风化作用增强,进而影响着区域岩石风化的碳汇作用.研究成果为认识人类活动影响下高寒冻土区水文环境的演化提供研究思路,为高寒冻土区生态环境保护提供科学依据.
木里冻土区 / 煤矿开采 / 天然气水合物钻探 / 同位素 / 环境效应 / 水文地质
Muli permafrost region / coal mining / gas hydrate drilling / isotopes / Human activities / hydrogeology
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中国地质调查局非常规油气地质重点实验室开放基金项目(DD2019137-YQ19JJ02)
陆域天然气水合物资源综合调查项目(DD20190102)
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