广西乐业地区吴家坪期牙形石的发现及其意义
Discovery and Significance of Wuchiapingian Conodonts from Leye of Guangxi
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吴家坪期作为二叠纪晚期两次灭绝事件(瓜德鲁普世末灭绝事件和二叠纪末灭绝事件)之间的一次快速的生态复苏时期,是地质历史时期一个重要的阶段.该时期扬子台地中部及滇黔桂地区碳酸盐岩台地仍有广泛分布;其中乐业碳酸盐台地是南盘江盆地内一个典型的孤立碳酸盐岩台地,在瓜德鲁普统茅口组顶部不整合面之上发育连续的吴家坪期海相碳酸盐岩沉积.此前该地二叠纪地层划分对比仍依据传统的
化石生物地层分带,与牙形石生物地层相比,精细程度尚不足.对乐业台地内部的刷把村剖面和六为剖面合山组底部牙形石进行了研究,在这两个剖面共鉴定出牙形石2属8种(含一个新种),包括Clarkina asymmetrica、C. aff.asymmetrica、C. daxianensis、C. dukouensis、C. leveni、Hindeodus julfensis、H. typicalis和Hindeodus praechangxingensis sp. nov..其中在刷把村剖面识别出C. asymmetrica和C. leveni两个牙形石带,六为剖面识别出C. asymmetrica一个牙形石带.根据牙形石关键分子的首现,乐业台地在经历了瓜德鲁普世-乐平世之交全球大海退后,至少到C. asymmetrica带才开始海侵并重新开始碳酸盐岩沉积,可为该区碳酸盐岩台地-盆地演化和区域地层对比研究提供重要依据.
牙形石 / 合山组 / 吴家坪期 / 乐业台地 / 古生物学 / 地层学
conodont / Heshan Formation / Wuchiapingian / Leye platform / paleontology / stratigraphy
乐平统合山组
未见顶
14层 薄层硅质岩,风化严重,大于5 m;
13层 底部为一薄层硅质岩,上部为黑色-灰色泥粒岩,含硅质团块,生物碎屑丰富.可见腕足类、腹足类、双壳类等化石,厚3.6 m,产牙形石Clarkina asymmetrica、C. daxianensis、C. leveni、Hindeodus julfensis、H. typicalis,、Hindeodus praechangxingensis sp. nov.;
12层 由11层中层状灰黑色泥粒岩组成,生物碎屑丰富,见腕足类、腹足类、介形虫等化石,厚2.7 m,产牙形石Hindeodus praechangxingensis sp. nov.;
11层 由一个向上变浅旋回构成.下部为4层中层状灰色粒泥岩,含腹足化石,上部为3层灰黑色厚层状泥粒岩,整个旋回中都富含硅质结核,厚2.9 m,产出牙形石Clarkina asymmetrica、C. daxianensis;
10层 由4个下部为深色薄层状泥灰岩,上部为深色中层状粒泥岩的旋回组成,局部生物碎屑丰富,包括腹足类、腕足类化石.其中2~3层之间夹1 cm厚泥灰岩,起伏不平,并含有单体珊瑚.共厚2.55 m,产牙形石Clarkina asymmetrica;
9层 由两个向上变浅旋回组成.第1旋回下部为黑色碳质泥灰岩,风化严重处呈土状,厚5 cm, 上部为3层灰黑色灰泥岩,富含立方体状黄铁矿,使风化面呈铁锈色.第2旋回底部为黑色泥灰岩,风化后形似页岩,厚6 cm, 上部为灰色薄层灰泥岩,厚4 cm, 再向上为灰色厚层灰泥岩,富含黄铁矿,风化后呈铁锈色.共厚1.95 m;
8层 由6个下部为污手含碳质黑-棕色薄层钙质泥岩,上
部为灰-灰黑色中-薄层状灰泥岩的旋回组成,其中 第4旋回下部为5 cm灰白色泥岩,共厚2.26 m;7层 铝土岩.下部1 m富铁,呈砖红色,上部为浅灰色-灰
白色,局部为灰黑色,豆粒状.顶部50 cm 为浅灰色.共 厚4 m.
----平行不整合----
瓜德鲁普统茅口组
6层 由1个向上变浅旋回组成.旋回下部为2个灰黑色中层状粒泥岩,上部为灰色巨厚层状泥粒岩,生物碎屑丰富,含 、双壳类、海百合茎等.厚7.7 m.
未见底
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国家自然科学基金项目(41872117;41972033;41830320)
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