鄂尔多斯盆地北缘砂岩型铀矿热液改造的铀成矿效应:来自黑云母绿泥石化过程的制约
丁波 , 刘红旭 , 许德如 , 邱林飞 , 张字龙 , 贺锋
地球科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (02) : 625 -638.
鄂尔多斯盆地北缘砂岩型铀矿热液改造的铀成矿效应:来自黑云母绿泥石化过程的制约
Uranium Metallogenic Effect of Hydrothermal Fluid Transformation in Sandstone-Type Uranium Deposits in Northern Ordos Basin: Constraints from the Study of Biotite Chloritization Process
,
鄂尔多斯盆地北缘铀矿集区是中国北方最重要的砂岩型铀矿产地之一,为查明该区砂岩型铀矿中热液改造的铀成矿效应,综合应用薄片鉴定、扫描电镜与电子探针等手段对黑云母绿泥石化过程的矿物-地球化学特征开展研究. 研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地北缘砂岩型铀矿含矿层砂岩中黑云母多发生绿泥石化,常沿黑云母的解理和边缘进行蚀变交代,并伴随着Si,Fe,Ti,U等元素释放;与黑云母绿泥石化有关热液温度在137.3~208.3 ℃之间,为偏碱性-还原性质的中-低温含烃盆地热卤水. 鄂尔多斯盆地深部广泛发育富铀烃源岩,在持续埋藏与热事件作用下排烃与迁出的铀可随盆地热卤水沿断裂等通道运移,理论上可为该区砂岩型铀矿提供深部铀源. 当其运移至含矿层发生侧向迁移时,通过萃取砂岩中分散吸附铀和溶蚀早期形成铀矿物,造成铀的重新活化,并以有机络合物或有机胶体等形式迁移. 伴随着黑云母绿泥石化,形成绿泥石化黑云母-铀石、绿泥石化黑云母-黄铁矿-铀石、绿泥石化黑云母-锐钛矿-铀石、锐钛矿-铀石等热液蚀变矿物组合,为砂岩型铀矿中热液参与铀成矿提供了直接矿物学证据;在还原性容量、温度、压力与酸碱度的变化部位,以铀石的形式沉淀于黄铁矿、有机质与亮晶方解石周边,造成铀的进一步富集成矿,为砂岩型铀矿中热液改造的铀成矿效应提供了依据.
砂岩型铀矿 / 热液 / 铀成矿效应 / 黑云母绿泥石化 / 鄂尔多斯盆地.
sandstone-type U deposits / hydrothermal fluid / U metallogenic effect / biotite chloritization / Ordos Basin.
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中核集团“青年英才”科研项目(地QNYC2103)
东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(NRE1908)
院长青年科技创新基金(地QJC2001)
中国核工业地质局项目(D2204;202201-8)
砂岩型铀矿多重耦合地质成矿作用与时空定位项目(中核科发(2021)143号)
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