机器学习在滑坡智能防灾减灾中的应用与发展趋势
窦杰 , 向子林 , 许强 , 郑鹏麟 , 王协康 , 苏爱军 , 刘军旗 , 罗万祺
地球科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (05) : 1657 -1674.
机器学习在滑坡智能防灾减灾中的应用与发展趋势
Application and Development Trend of Machine Learning in Landslide Intelligent Disaster Prevention and Mitigation
,
滑坡灾害易发频发、点多面广、隐蔽性强、危害严重.开展“天‒空‒地‒深”观测一体化的滑坡早期识别、易发性评价及预测预报,对于保障人民生命和财产安全,推进滑坡灾害防治能力现代化具有重要意义.目前,依靠人工解译的滑坡识别耗时耗力,采用启发式模型的滑坡易发性评价不能较好地探明环境因子之间的非线性关系,基于传统监测数据的滑坡预测预报精度较低.机器学习算法凭借其强大的非线性处理能力及鲁棒性等优势,逐渐广泛应用于滑坡智能防灾减灾中.基于此,本研究系统阐述了机器学习在滑坡灾害早期识别、易发性评价及预测预报等方面的具体应用,综述了多种机器学习算法在上述3个领域中运用的优劣,最终对机器学习在滑坡灾害中未来的发展趋势进行了展望.
滑坡灾害 / 可解释性机器学习 / 滑坡演化 / 知识-数据-机理三驱动 / 智能防灾减灾 / 激光雷达 / 工程地质
landslide hazard / interpretable machine learning / landslide evolutionary mechanism / knowledge-data-mechanism three-driven / intelligent disaster prevention and mitigation / light detection and ranging (LiDAR) / engineering geology
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国家自然科学基金重大项目课题(42090054)
四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室基金资助项目(SKHL1903;SKHL2003)
湖北省创新群体项目(2022CFA002)
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