塔里木盆地顺北5号走滑断裂带北-中段构造特征与多期构造叠加演化时-空序列

田方磊; 何登发; 陈槚俊; 毛丹凤

doi:10.3799/dqkx.2023.012

地球科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (06) : 2117 -2135. DOI: 10.3799/dqkx.2023.012

塔里木盆地顺北5号走滑断裂带北-中段构造特征与多期构造叠加演化时-空序列

田方磊 ¹^,² ,
何登发 ¹^,² ,
陈槚俊 ¹^,² ,
毛丹凤 ¹^,²

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Northern and Central Segments of Shunbei No.5 Strike-Slip Fault Zone in Tarim Basin: Structural Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Evolution Process

Fanglei Tian ¹^,² ,
Dengfa He ¹^,² ,
Jiajun Chen ¹^,² ,
Danfeng Mao ¹^,²

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文章历史 +

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摘要

顺北5号走滑断裂带，以独特的“纵向分层、走向分段、多期构造叠加”为典型的宏观构造特征.因其构造变形的复杂性，准确掌握其构造特征，进而重建其构造叠加演化历史仍然是一个关键命题，这对于理解走滑断裂带时-空演化过程具有重要意义.研究以深钻井和高精度三维地震资料为基础，通过剖面、层面构造解析与剖面构造回剥反演，对顺北5号带北-中段构造变形特征与多期构造叠加变形时-空序列进行精细、全面的研究，得出如下结论：（1）深部（震旦系至中奥陶统）主剪切带内，不同层系构造特征差异显著，沿断裂带走向构造变形显著分段，在纵向、走向两个维度都表现出显著的应力-应变局部化特征.（2）浅部碎屑岩层内（上奥陶统至石炭系），发育走滑相关褶皱变形和三套雁列正断层组.三套雁列正断层组上下叠置、多期叠加变形.其中，第一、第二雁列正断层组与发育在同一层系的走滑相关压扭背斜分别同期耦合变形.（3）顺北5号带北-中段经历了初始破裂期（中奥陶世末-晚奥陶世初）、构造雏形期（桑塔木组沉积早-中期）、构造大发展期（柯坪塔格组沉积期）、构造继承性活动期（塔塔埃尔塔格组沉积中后期至东河塘组沉积前）、剪切方向反转期（晚石炭世-二叠纪）等5个阶段的构造叠加演化历史.

Abstract

The northern and central segments of the Shunbei No.5 strike-slip fault zone are characterized by multi-stage superimposing deformation along with the strike and vertical. Because of the complex structural deformation, it is challenging to understand the deformation and then reconstruct its spatio-temporal evolution process. Based on high-precision 3D seismic data, through precise structural interpretation and analysis of seismic profiles, as well as structural back-stripping restoration, in this study it conducted a more comprehensive study on the structural deformation and multi-stage evolution process of the fault zone, the conclusions are as follows. (1) In the deep sections (Sinian to Middle Ordovician), the principle deformation zone of the fault is characterized by stress-strain localization along with the strike and in the vertical. (2) In the upper sections (Upper Ordovician to Carboniferous), there are transpressional folds and three sets of en echelon normal faults. The three sets of en echelon normal faults are superimposed vertically and formed in different periods. Among them, the No.1 and No.2 en echelon normal faults formed simultaneously with the transpressional anticlines. (3) In general, the northern and central segments of the Shunbei No. 5 strike-slip fault zone had experienced five stages of structural evolution processes, they are the initial rupture period (in phase I of the middle Caledonian), structural embryonic period (the deposition period of the Sangtamu Formation), intense structural deformation period (the deposition period of the Kepingtage Formation), structural inheritance period (from the end of the Early Silurian to the Middle Devonian), and structural inversion period (in Permian).