基于Wit 指数的冰川型泥石流的年轮定灾方法
皋子琪, 吕立群, 周冠宇, 黄锋, 马超, 陶正想, 梁锦杭, 王兆印
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (02) : 752 -762.
基于Wit 指数的冰川型泥石流的年轮定灾方法
New Reconstruction of Glacier Debris Flows Based on Tree Ring Response
冰川型泥石流在瓤打曲流域频发,对当地安全造成了严重威胁,重建泥石流的暴发历史、流动范围和成因,可以为工程建设提供防灾减灾参数.基于树木年轮的愈伤组织和生长抑制响应,给出了年轮生长抑制的评判阈值和年轮定灾的Wit 指数的新计算方法,并重建了1890—2021年的泥石流的暴发时间和流动范围;用泥石流实际暴发时间验证了年轮生长抑制的评判阈值和Wit 新计算方法的合理性. 结果表明:(1)冰川活跃区年轮生长抑制的阈值修订为25%;(2)Wit 指数计算需要排除生长释放因子,利用年轮的创伤组织和生长抑制会增大泥石流灾害事件的定年准确率.
Glacial debris flows occur frequently in the Rangdaqu River Basin, posing a serious threat to local safety. Reconstructing the eruption history, flow range, and causes of debris flows can provide disaster prevention and mitigation parameters for engineering construction. Based on the cambial injury tissue and growth inhibition response of trees, this study provides a new calculation method for the evaluation threshold of growth inhibition in tree rings and the Wit index of debrisflow identification in tree rings, and reconstructs the outbreak time and flow range of debris flows from 1890 to 2021. The results show that: (1) the threshold for growth inhibition in the active zone of glaciers has been revised to 25%; (2) the calculation of the Wit index needs to exclude growth release factors, and the use of traumatic tissue and growth inhibition in tree rings can improve the accuracy of dating debris flow events.
泥石流 / 冰川 / 愈伤组织 / 生长抑制 / 灾害重建 / 工程地质
| [1] |
Corona, C., Lopez Saez, J., Stoffel, M., et al., 2012. How much of the Real Avalanche Activity Can Be Captured with Tree Rings? An Evaluation of Classic Dendrogeomorphic Approaches and Comparison with Historical Archives. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 74: 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2012.01.003 |
| [2] |
Ding,M.,Bai,S.B.,Wang,J.,et al.,2016. Basic Procedures of Using Tree Rings to Reconstruct the Ttime of Landslide Reactivation. Mountain Research, 34(5):545-554 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [3] |
Franco⁃Ramos, O., Stoffel, M., Ballesteros⁃Cánovas, J. A., 2019. Reconstruction of Debris⁃Flow Activity in a Temperate Mountain Forest Catchment of Central Mexico. Journal of Mountain Science, 16(9): 2096-2109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629⁃019⁃5496⁃6 |
| [4] |
Huang, T., 2019. Study on the Response of Debris Flow Activity in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River to Vertical Climate(Differentiation). Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [5] |
Kogelnig⁃Mayer, B., Stoffel, M., Schneuwly⁃Bollschweiler, M., et al., 2011. Possibilities and Limitations of Dendrogeomorphic Time⁃Series Reconstructions on Sites Influenced by Debris Flows and Frequent Snow Avalanche Activity. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 43(4): 649-658. https://doi.org/10.1657/1938⁃4246⁃43.4.649 |
| [6] |
Lai, Z.P., Yang, A.N., Cong, L., et al., 2021. A Review on the Dating Techniques for Mountain Hazards⁃Induced Sediments. Earth Science Frontiers, 28(2): 1-18 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [7] |
Li,Y.,Cui,Y.F.,Li,Z.H.,et al.,2022.Evolution of Glacier Debris Flow and lts Monitoring System along Sichuan⁃Tibet Traffic Corridor. Earth Science,47(6):1969-1984 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [8] |
Lundström, T., Stoffel, M., Stöckli, V., 2008. Fresh⁃Stem Bending of Silver Fir and Norway Spruce. Tree Physiology, 28(3): 355-366. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/28.3.355 |
| [9] |
Lyu,L.Q.,2017. Research on the Initiation and Motion of Gully Debris Flows in Tibetan Plateau(Dissertation). Tsinghua University, Beijing,3-5(in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [10] |
Lyu,L.Q.,Wang,Z.Y.,Meng,Z.,2022. Reconstruction of Debris Flow Disasters in Polong Gully Based on Dendrochronology. Earth Science,49(1): 335-346 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [11] |
Mayer, B., Stoffel, M., Bollschweiler, M., et al., 2010. Frequency and Spread of Debris Floods on Fans: a Dendrogeomorphic Case Study from a Dolomite Catchment in the Austrian Alps. Geomorphology, 118(1/2): 199-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.12.019 |
| [12] |
Meng,Z.,Lyu,L.Q.,Yu,G.A.,et al.,2022.Reconstruction of Glacial Debris Flow Disaster Based on Dendrochronology: A Case Study on Tianmo Gully, Tibet. Science Technology and Engineering, 22(32):14124-14136 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [13] |
Miao,X.Q.,2022. Research on the Movement Characteristics and Parameters of Debris Flow in Rangdaqu. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,39(4):20-25 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [14] |
Peitzsch, E., Hendrikx, J., Stahle, D., et al., 2013. A Regional Spatiotemporal Analysis of Large Magnitude Snow Avalanches Using Tree Rings. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 21: 533-557. https://doi.org/10.5194/NHESS⁃21⁃533⁃2021 |
| [15] |
Schneuwly, D. M., Stoffel, M., Dorren, L. K. A., et al., 2009. Three⁃Dimensional Analysis of the Anatomical Growth Response of European Conifers to Mechanical Disturbance. Tree Physiology, 29(10): 1247-1257. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpp056 |
| [16] |
Schneuwly⁃Bollschweiler,M.,Corona,C.,Stoffel,M.,2013. How to Improve Dating Quality and Reduce Noise in Tree⁃Ring Based Debris⁃Flow Reconstructions. Quaternary Geochronology,18:110-118.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2013.05.001 |
| [17] |
Šilhán, K., 2021. A New Tree⁃Ring⁃Based Index for the Expression of Spatial Landslide Activity and the Assessment of Landslide Hazards. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 12(1): 3409-3428. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2021.2011790 |
| [18] |
Stoffel, M., Bollschweiler, M., Hassler, G., 2006. Differentiating Past Events on a Cone Influenced by Debris‐Flow and Snow Avalanche Activity: a Dendrogeomorphological Approach. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 31(11): 1424-1437. |
| [19] |
Strunk, H., 1997. Dating of Geomorphological Processes Using Dendrogeomorphological Methods. CATENA, 31(1/2): 137-151.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341⁃8162(97)00031⁃3 |
| [20] |
Tie, Y.B., Malik, I., Owczarek, P., 2014. Dendrochronological Dating of Debris Flow Historical Events in High Mountain Area: Take Daozao Debris Flow as an Example. Mountain Research, 32(2): 226-232 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [21] |
Vădean, R., Arghiuş, V., Pop, O., 2015. Dendrogeomorphic Reconstruction of Past Debris⁃Flood Activity along a Torrential Channel: an Example from Negoiul Basin (Apuseni Mountains, Romanian Carpathians). Zeitschrift Fur Geomorphologie, 59(3): 319-335. https://doi.org/10.1127/zfg/2014/0156 |
| [22] |
Wang,K.,2016. Larixgmelini Tree⁃Ring Width Index with Responses to Climate Change In the West of Sichuan Subalpine Zone(Dissertation). Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu(in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [23] |
Wang,Z.L.,Ma,C.,Wu,J.L.,et al.,2022. Debris Flow Event in Xiaoxitian Watershed of Miyun Based on Tree Ringreconstruction. Journal of Natural Disasters, 31(5):183-192 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [24] |
Wu,J.L.,Ma,C.,Wang,R.,et al.,2021. Reconstruction of Torrent and Debris Flow Events Based Ondendro Geomorphology: A Case Study of Longtangou Basin in Miyun District, Beijing. Journal of Natural Disasters, 30(1):183-190 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [25] |
Zeng,X.Y.,Zhang,J.J.,Yang,D.X.,et al.,2019. Characteristics and Geneses of Low Frequency Debris Flow along Parlongzangbo River Zone: Take Chaobulongba Gully as an Example. Science Technology and Engineering,(34):103-107(in Chinese with English abstract). |
| [26] |
Zhang, J.S., Xie, H., Wang, X.D., et al., 2015. Debris⁃Flow of Jianmupuqu Ravine in Tibet. Journal of Catastrophology, 30(3): 99-103 (in Chinese with English abstract). |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |