武汉市碳酸盐岩天兴洲条带砂化白云岩成因机理及其工程特性
莫云 , 胡新丽 , 崔德山 , 谢昭宇 , 金新锋 , 熊宗海
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (06) : 2298 -2310.
武汉市碳酸盐岩天兴洲条带砂化白云岩成因机理及其工程特性
Formation Mechanism and Engineering Characteristics of Sandy Dolomite in Wuhan Tianxingzhou Carbonate Rock Belt
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武汉市碳酸盐岩天兴洲条带,发育一套巨厚层砂化白云岩.为查明该岩层的成因及工程特性,采用构造调查、薄片鉴定、X射线衍射试验(X⁃ray diffraction,XRD)、X射线荧光光谱分析试验(X⁃ray fluorescence,XRF)、颗粒分析试验、饱和单轴抗压强度试验等多种方法,对砂化白云岩成因及其工程特性进行深入研究.结果表明:研究区位于3条断裂之间,且地层出现倒转现象,表明该区域在印支期所受的挤压应力及燕山期所受的张拉应力非常强烈,区域构造特征及显微镜下照片也佐证了这一观点;砂化程度越强烈,白云石矿物含量就越低,而石英石及黏土矿物含量则越高;CaO、MgO等主量化学成分迁移演化特征与白云岩砂化过程呈一定的负相关性,而SiO2、Al2O3、Fe2O3等主量化学成分则与之呈一定的正相关性.综上所述,研究区内砂化白云岩及其不均性特征的成因机理可以从“宏观构造动力作用”、“细观矿物结构组成”和“微观化学成分变迁”3个层面予以概括.砂化程度对白云岩饱和单轴抗压强度影响极大,其在砂化阶段“微-弱、微-中、微-强”的降幅分别可达38.6%、68.1%、90.0%,且呈幂函数关系;由此,拟合得到⑤1全砂化极破碎白云岩的饱和单轴抗压强度标准值为1.3 MPa,解决了全砂化白云岩难以制作标准岩样进行室内试验获取岩体力学参数的工程难题.
The Tianxingzhou carbonate rock belt in Wuhan has developed an exceptionally thick sandstone dolomite formation. To elucidate the genesis and engineering characteristics of this rock formation, a comprehensive study was undertaken employing various methods, including structural surveys, thin section analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), particle analysis, and saturated uniaxial compressive strength tests. The results indicate that the study area is situated between three faults, and the strata are inverted, suggesting that the region experienced intense compressive stress during the Indosinian period and tensile stress during the Yanshan period. Regional structural features and microscopic observations corroborate this interpretation. Notably, the higher the degree of sandstone, the lower the dolomite mineral content, and the higher the quartz and clay mineral content. The migration and evolution characteristics of major chemical components, such as CaO and MgO, exhibit a negative correlation with the dolomite sandstone process, while components like SiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3 display a positive correlation. In summary, the primary causes of the dolomite sandstone and its heterogeneous characteristics in the study area can be attributed to three distinct scales: “macroscopic structural dynamics”, “microscopic mineral structure composition”, and “microscopic chemical composition evolution”. The degree of sandstone significantly influences the saturated uniaxialcompressive strength of dolomite. The reduction amplitudes for the “micro-weak”, “micro-medium”, and “micro-strong” sandstone stages can reach 38.6%, 68.1%, and 90.0%, respectively, exhibiting a power function relationship. Consequently, the standard value of the saturated uniaxial compressive strength for the fully sandstone and extremely broken dolomite in ⑤1 layer was fitted to be 1.3 MPa, resolving the engineering challenge of obtaining rock mechanics parameters for fully sandstone dolomite through indoor testing of standard rock samples.
武汉市碳酸盐岩天兴洲条带 / 砂化白云岩 / 成因机理 / 工程特性 / 工程地质.
Wuhan Tianxingzhou carbonate rock belt / sandy dolomite / formation mechanism / engineering properties / engineering geology
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