柴达木盆地更新统七个泉组建组剖面地层序列再厘定:岩性岩相和ESR年代学研究新证据
柯学 , 杨文军 , 曾雯 , 张宗言 , 张金明 , 宋泰忠 , 李靖 , 张小瑾
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (04) : 1514 -1530.
柴达木盆地更新统七个泉组建组剖面地层序列再厘定:岩性岩相和ESR年代学研究新证据
Redefinition of Stratigraphic Sequence of Type Section of Pleistocene Qigequan Formation in Qaidam Basin: New Evidence from Lithologic and Petrographic Studies and ESR Dating
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针对以往对柴达木盆地七个泉组岩性岩相涵义不清,尤其是其沉积时代是否存在中更新世争议颇大等问题,对位于青海省茫崖市七个泉子地区的七个泉组建组剖面(Z剖面)北部的七个泉组辅助层型剖面(Y剖面)开展了精细实测,并且在该剖面从底到顶首次获取了4个电子自旋共振(ESR)年龄,分别是562±64 ka、511±90 ka、438±32 ka和379±33 ka,进一步证实了七个泉组存在中更新世沉积序列.在详细分析Y剖面和Z剖面岩性岩相组合的基础上,将七个泉子剖面划分为下细上粗两段:剖面下部的泥-粉砂为主的湖相地层序列划归为七个泉组一段,上部以砾-砂为主的冲积扇根-扇中相的地层序列归为七个泉组二段.结合前人在Z剖面所获古地磁年龄和本次在Y剖面所获ESR年龄,七个泉组一段的沉积时代以早更新世为主,七个泉组二段的沉积时代以中更新世为主.虽然七个泉组一段在下、二段在上,但两者在早更新世晚期-中更新世早期期间存在相变关系,即两段地层的分界面是穿时的.还将七个泉组建组剖面与柴达木盆地其他同期地层进行了对比,为区域第四纪岩相古地理分析及第四纪钾盐等重要矿产勘查,提供了新的地层学基础材料.
In response to the previous problems of unclear lithologic and petrographic meanings of the Qigequan Formation in Qaidam Basin,especially the controversial issue of whether its depositional age extends to the Middle Pleistocene. In this paper it re-conducted a fine study of the auxiliary type section (Section Y) of the Qigequan Formation located in the north of the type section (Section Z) in the Qigequanzi area of Mangya City, Qinghai Province. It obtained for the first time four ESR ages from the bottom to the top of the section, which are 562±64 ka, 511±90 ka, 438± 32 ka, and 379±33 ka, respectively, further confirming the existence of the Middle Pleistocene sedimentary sequences in the Qigequan Formation. Based on a detailed analysis of the lithological and petrographic assemblage of the Section Y and Section Z, the Qigequanzi Section is divided into two parts, the upper fine and the lower coarse.The lower part of the section is assigned to Member 1 of Qigequan Formation for the mud-sand lake sequences, and the upper part is assigned to the Member 2 of Qigequan Formation for the gravel-sand rhythmic sequence of the alluvial fan stratigraphy.Combined with the paleomagnetic age obtained in Section Z and ESR ages obtained in Section Y, the depositional age of the Member 1 of Qigequan Formation is limited mainly to the Early Pleistocene, and that of the Member 2 of Qigequan Formation mainly to the Middle Pleistocene.Although Member 1 of the Qigequan Formation is at the lower part and Member 2 is at the upper part, there is a phase transition between the late Early Pleistocene and the early Middle Pleistocene, which means that the stratigraphic interface between the two members is time-disconnected. In this paper it compares the type section of Qigequan Formation with other contemporaneous stratum in the Qaidam Basin, and provides new stratigraphic materials for the analysis of Quaternary petrographic paleogeography in the region as well as for the exploration of Quaternary potassium salts and other important minerals.
七个泉组 / 建组剖面 / ESR年龄 / 更新世 / 柴达木盆地 / 地球物理学.
Qigequan Formation / type section / ESR dating / Pleistocene / Qaidam Basin / geophysics
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青海省地质矿产勘查开发局地质勘查项目(青地矿科[2022]32号)
中国地质调查局项目(DD20221645)
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