白云鄂博矿床钡铁钛石的矿物学特征及其铌的赋存状态研究
陈彪 , 金海龙 , 孙庆 , 王振江 , 贾晓琪
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (04) : 1401 -1416.
白云鄂博矿床钡铁钛石的矿物学特征及其铌的赋存状态研究
Bafertisite Mineralogy and Occurrence State of Niobium in Bayan Obo Deposit
钡铁钛石,白云鄂博矿床中发现的第一个新矿物,而关于其形貌特征、共生组合、矿物成因等研究相对较为薄弱.基于近年来发现的一些晶型完整的粗粒钡铁钛石晶体,利用偏反光显微镜、场发射扫描电镜、场发射电子探针等分析测试仪器对其开展了详细的矿物学及矿物化学研究.结果表明:钡铁钛石颜色为褐红色至黄红色,粒径在0.3~1.0 mm左右,呈板状、放射状和柱状3种形态赋存于霓石型、闪石-云母型、白云石型矿石和H9板岩中,主要共生矿物为霓石和钠闪石.同时受后期热液影响,矿物晶体发生了不同程度的蚀变交代,重新沉淀结晶出了钛铁矿、菱铁矿和重晶石等矿物.由于碱性热液流体中Nb5+和Ti4+、Fe3+等发生不同程度的类质同象替换,钡铁钛石晶体中含有一定量的Nb2O5,且放射状钡铁钛石中的铌含量最高,达到1.72%,除包头矿、铌包头矿外,钡铁钛石是矿区另外一种典型的含铌Ba、Ti、Fe硅酸盐矿物.综上,初步认为钡铁钛石的结晶分布主要受矿区钠质流体作用控制,板状钡铁钛石、放射状和柱状钡铁钛石分别代表了矿体霓长岩化的早晚两阶段产物.此外矿体中含有Ti元素的矿物是值得关注的重要铌矿物和含铌矿物,后续研究中需引起重视.
Bafertisite, the first new mineral found in the Bayan Obo deposit, is relatively weakly studied in terms of its morphological features, symbiotic assemblages, and mineralogical genesis. Based on some coarse-grained bafertisite crystals with complete crystal form found in recent years, a detailed mineralogical and mineral chemical study was carried out using polarized reflectance microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope, field emission electron microprobe and other analytical test instruments. The results show that: the color of bafertisite is brownish red to yellowish red, and the grain size is around 0.3-1.0 mm, which is in tabular, radial and columnar forms in aegirine type ore, riebeckite-mica type ore, dolomite type ore, and H9 slate, and the main co-occurring minerals are aegirine and riebeckite, meanwhile, by the influence of late hydrothermal fluids, the mineral crystals underwent different degrees of alteration and accounted for, and the ilmenite, siderite, and barite and other minerals. Due to the alkaline hydrothermal fluid Nb5+ and Ti4+, Fe3+, etc. occurred to varying degrees of homogeneous substitution of analogs, bafertisite crystals contain a certain amount of Nb2O5, and radial bafertisite has the highest content of niobium, 1.72%, in addition to baotite, niobobaotite, bafertisite is another typical niobium-containing Ba, Ti, Fe silicate minerals. In summary, it is initially believed that the crystalline distribution of bafertisite is mainly controlled by the action of sodic fluids in the ore area, and that tabular bafertisite, radial and columnar bafertisite represent the early and late fentization process in the orebody, respectively. In addition, Ti-bearing minerals in the orebody are important niobium minerals and niobium-bearing minerals that deserve attention in subsequent studies.
白云鄂博矿 / 钡铁钛石 / 铌 / 扫描电镜 / 电子探针 / 矿床学.
Bayan Obo deposit / bafertisite / niobium / scanning electron microscope / electron microprobe / mineral deposits
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国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC2908700)
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