秦岭北麓(西安段)人类活动与生态环境互馈的海拔梯度特征
王瑞 , 申艳军 , 王磊 , 李少杰 , 李超 , 穆青翼 , 宁奕冰 , 徐盼盼 , 彭建兵
地球科学 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (02) : 432 -445.
秦岭北麓(西安段)人类活动与生态环境互馈的海拔梯度特征
Elevation Gradient Characteristics of the Interfeeding between Human Activities and Ecological Environment in Xi 'an Section of the Northern Foot of Qinling Mountains
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为了解秦岭北麓西安段人类活动对生态系统的影响,采用人类足迹指数表征人类活动强度,通过InVEST模型评价生态系统服务功能,分析近20 a秦岭北麓西安段人类活动与生态系统服务时空演化规律,凝练二者在海拔梯度上的空间关联特征. 结果表明:近20 a研究区高和较高等级的人类活动强度区面积分别扩大了5.99倍和1.85倍. 人类活动强度提高的区域主要集中在周至县平原区、山前控制带和4条主要峪道,城镇化、公路建设和旅游业发展是秦岭北麓人类活动强度增大的主要原因. 秦岭北麓生态系统的水源涵养、土壤保 持和碳储量受到人类活动的影响程度逐渐减弱,稳定性有所提升;生境质量对人类活动变化表现的愈加敏感,低山区人类活动强度的增大削弱了生境质量的稳定性. 秦岭北麓人地关系存在明显的海拔分异特征. 从人类活动-生态系统服务关联特征角度开展秦岭北麓人地协调分区时,可根据海拔将秦岭北麓分为人地冲突强烈区(<853 m);人地协调失衡区(853~1 105 m);人地协调敏感区(1 105~1 576 m)和人地关系平衡区(>1 576 m).
In order toelucidate the impact of human activities on ecosystem in Xi 'an section of the northern foot of Qinling Mountains, the spatio⁃temporal evolution of human activities and ecosystem services in the region in the past 20 years was analyzed in the present study.The human footprint index is adopted to quantify intensity of human activities. The InVEST model is used to evaluate the ecosystem services.Their spatial correlation characteristics are analyzed from the perspective of altitude gradient.The results indicate that the area of high and relatively high level human activity intensity increased by 5.99 times and 1.85 times, respectively. The areas where the intensity of human activities increased were mainly concentrated in the plain area of Zhouzhi County, the control zone in front of mountains and the four main valley roads. Urbanization, highway construction and tourism development are the main reasons for the increase of human activities in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains. In the past 20 years, the water conservation, soil conservation and carbon storage service functions of the ecosystem in the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains have been gradually weakened by human activities. Their stability has improved. However, habitat quality has become more sensitive to changes in human activities. The increasing intensity of human activities in the low mountainous areas weakened the stability of habitat quality. The coordination areas between human activities and ecological environment in the northern foot of Qinling Mountains can be divided into four categories: intense conflict area of human⁃land relationship (<853 m), unbalance area of human⁃land coordination (853~1 105 m), sensitive area of human⁃land coordination (1 105~1 576 m), balance area of human⁃land relationship (>1 576 m).
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国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFF1306502)
国家自然科学基金项目(42341101)
长安大学中央高校优秀青年团队项目(300102263401)
西安市秦岭北麓山水林田湖草沙一体化保护与修复工程子项目(2203⁃610100⁃04⁃05⁃321562)
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