西南天山下泥盆统阿帕达尔坎组砂岩物源及构造环境
罗彦军 , 王斌 , 王国灿 , 陈博 , 张海迪 , 马伯永
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (07) : 2759 -2774.
西南天山下泥盆统阿帕达尔坎组砂岩物源及构造环境
Provenance and Tectonic Environment of Lower Devonian Apadalkan Formation in Southwest Tianshan
,
晚古生代是南天山洋盆演化的关键时段,通过对南天山晚古生代沉积记录进行研究,对于恢复南天山晚古生代构造古地理,揭示南天山晚古生代构造演化具有十分重要的意义.西南天山别迭里地区泥盆系出露齐全,是研究南天山晚古生代构造演化的有效载体.对西南天山下泥盆统阿帕达尔坎组砂岩进行了岩石地球化学、重矿物特征,以及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究,探讨了其沉积物质来源及地质意义.结果表明,砂岩以石英砂岩与岩屑砂岩为主,其岩屑组分以中酸性火山岩为主.砂岩CIA值和ICV值平均为63.1和1.19,属于中等程度风化作用,经历了一定的分选再旋回过程.重矿物以锆石、磷灰石、金红石等为主,分选磨圆较差.ATi指数为20.0~47.2,ZTR指数为20~60,反映阿帕达尔坎组物源区的火山岩较为发育,且搬运距离近.地球化学物源分析图解及重矿物特征均指示母岩以长英质岩浆岩为主,其次为再循环古老沉积物组分.砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄分5期:主要为397~486 Ma 、669~959 Ma,其次为1 190~1 476 Ma、1 782~2 094 Ma、2 300~3 660 Ma.表明物源区地质体主要为早古生代、新元古代,其次为新太古代、古元古代、中元古代,与塔里木克拉通北缘岩浆岩带和前寒武基底岩浆活动事件比较吻合,指示物源来自塔里木北缘.构造判别图解显示阿帕达尔坎组为活动大陆边缘环境下的产物.
The Late Paleozoic is the key period of ocean basin evolution in South Tianshan. By studying the Late Paleozoic sedimentary records, we can restore Late Paleozoic paleogeography and reveal tectonic evolution history of the South Tianshan. The Devonian strata are well preserved in the Biedieli area of Southwest Tianshan, as an important carrier for the study of the early Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the South Tianshan. In this paper, in order to reveal their source and geological significance, we study the geochemical characteristics, heavy mineral characteristics and geochronological data of sandstone in Lower Devonian Apadalkan Formation. The CIA and ICV of sandstone are 63.1 and 1.19, respectively, showing that the sandstone belongs to intermediate weathering and has experienced sorting and recycling. The heavy minerals are mainly zircon, apatite, rutile, etc., and their sorting and roundness are poor. The ATi and ZTR index is 20.0-47.2 and 20-60, respectively, indicating the volcanic rocks in the source area of the Apadalkan Formation were abundant, and their transportation distance was relatively short. The geochemical provenance analysis diagram and heavy mineral characteristics indicate that the source rock is mainly felsic magmatic rocks, followed by recycled ancient sediment components. According to the LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages of detrital zircon grains, the source rocks of Apadalkan Formation are derived from terrains with five different geological periods, mostly 407-486 Ma and 669-959 Ma, and subordinately 1 190-1 476 Ma, 1 782-2 094 Ma and 2 300-3 660 Ma, indicating that source rocks are mostly derived from Early Paleozoic and Neoproterozoic, followed by Neoarchean, Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic. They are equivalent to magmatic event on the northern margin and the Precambrian basement of the Tarim. It also indicates that the materials of Apadalkan Formation are mainly derived from the northern margin of Tarim. The Tectonic discriminant diagrams show that the Apadalkan Formation is a product of an active continental margin environment.
西南天山 / 别迭里 / 下泥盆统 / 碎屑锆石年代学 / 物源分析 / 构造地质 / 地球化学.
southwest Tianshan / Biedieli / Lower Devonian / chronology of detrital zircon / provenance / tectonics / geochemistry
附表见https://doi.org/10.3799/dqkx.2022.039.
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国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0190500)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190445)
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