融合多源遥感数据和改进后Mask R⁃CNN深度学习模型的复杂高原地形区冰湖智能识别
张世殊 , 李青春 , 黎昊 , 向新建 , 董傲男 , 窦杰
地球科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (08) : 3132 -3143.
融合多源遥感数据和改进后Mask R⁃CNN深度学习模型的复杂高原地形区冰湖智能识别
Intelligent Glacial Lake Identification in Complex Plateau Terrain Regions Using Multi⁃Source Remote Sensing Data and Mask R⁃CNN Deep Learning Model
冰湖识别是了解冰湖对气候变化的响应和评估冰湖溃决洪水潜在危险的先决条件. 虽然遥感技术使全球冰湖演变的持续监测和评估成为可能,但准确可靠地提取复杂高原地形区的冰湖仍然具有挑战性.提出了融合多源遥感数据和改进后Mask R⁃CNN深度学习模型的复杂高原地形区冰湖智能识别方法,在Mask R⁃CNN模型基础上,通过在骨干网络ResNet⁃50的高层特征(Conv4和Conv5)、FPN 的每个特征图以及 Mask Head 中引入注意力机制. 利用Sentinel⁃2高分辨遥感影像、ALOS⁃DEM及NDWI数据组成多波段数据集,并在青藏高原东南部的林芝市进行测试,并进一步比较了改进后Mask R⁃CNN、U⁃Net、SegNet和DeepLab V3模型在冰湖识别中的性能.改进后的Mask R⁃CNN模型具有更高的准确率,模型的精确度、召回率和准确度值分别达到了91.25%、93.69%、92.89%.它有效地降低了山体阴影、湖水浊度和冻融湖水条件对冰湖识别的影响,并显著提高了小冰湖的识别效率. 为地形复杂高原地形区冰湖识别提供了可靠解决方案,为深度学习与多源遥感数据结合的智能化冰湖提取提供了新的框架和可能性.
The identification of glacial lakes is a prerequisite for understanding their response to climate change and assessing potential risks of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). Although remote sensing technology enables continuous monitoring and assessment of global glacial lake evolution, accurately and reliably extracting glacial lakes in complex plateau terrain regions remains challenging. This study proposes an intelligent glacial lake identification method for complex plateau terrain based on multi-source remote sensing data and an improved Mask R⁃CNN deep learning model. Building upon the original Mask R⁃CNN framework, we introduce attention mechanisms at three key components: the high⁃level features (Conv4 and Conv5) of the ResNet⁃50 backbone network, each feature map in the Feature Pyramid Network (FPN), and the Mask Head. Utilizing a multi⁃band dataset composed of Sentinel⁃2 high⁃resolution imagery, ALOS⁃DEM, and Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) data, we conducted tests in Nyingchi City, southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Comparative analyses were performed between the enhanced Mask R⁃CNN model and three other models (U⁃Net, SegNet, and DeepLab V3) for glacial lake identification. Results demonstrate that the improved Mask R⁃CNN achieves superior accuracy, with precision, recall, and accuracy values reaching 91.25%, 93.69%, and 92.89% respectively. The enhanced model effectively mitigates interference from mountain shadows, lake turbidity, and freeze⁃thaw conditions on glacial lake identification while significantly improving detection efficiency for small glacial lakes. This research provides a reliable solution for glacial lake identification in complex plateau terrain regions and establishes a novel framework combining deep learning with multi⁃source remote sensing data for intelligent glacial lake extraction, offering new possibilities for related studies.
冰湖 / 复杂高原地形区 / 智能识别 / Mask R⁃CNN模型 / 多源遥感数据.
Glacial lake / complex plateau terrain / intelligent recognition / mask R⁃CNN model / multi⁃source remote sensing data
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国家自然科学基金重大项目(42090054)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(42477170)
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